高海拔校区与低海拔校区大学生心理和睡眠状况比较  

Comparison of psychological and sleep status of college students in high-altitude campus and low-altitude campus

作　　者：杜适序 刘帅[1] 余佳[2] 阿怀红 邵鑫 吴辉 肖舒恒 张斌[1] DU Shi-xu;LIU Shuai;YU Jia;A Huai-hong;SHAO Xin;WU Hui;XIAO Shu-heng;ZHANG Bin(Department of Psychiatry,Nanfang Hospitaly Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,Guangdong,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学南方医院精神心理科,广东广州510515 [2]攀枝花市第三人民医院医教科,四川攀枝花617061 [3]青海省第三人民医院,青海西宁810007 [4]聊城大学物理科学与信息工程学院,山东聊城252000

出　　处：《广东医学》2021年第12期1505-1511,共7页Guangdong Medical Journal

基　　金：南方医科大学校级科研启动计划(CX2018N018);南方医院院长基金(2019Z014)。

摘　　要：目的比较某高校不同海拔校区在校大学生的心理及睡眠状况,探索高海拔对心理和睡眠状况的影响。方法分别对高海拔校区(西宁,海拔2260 m)的2485名和低海拔校区(成都,海拔500 m)的802名大学生进行调查。调查工具包括一般情况调查表,以及焦虑自评量表(SAS)、贝克抑郁自评量表(BDI)、中国大五人格问卷极简版(CBF-PI-15)、失眠严重程度指数(ISI)、爱泼沃斯嗜睡量表(ESS)、清晨型与夜晚型量表-5项(MEQ-5)。结果总体而言,大学生存在焦虑(28.2%)、抑郁(55.4%)、失眠(42.8%)、日间嗜睡(25.1%)等症状的比例较高。高海拔校区大学生日间嗜睡症状(27.0%vs 19.0%,P<0.05)发生率较低海拔校区高,抑郁症状(53.0%vs 62.7%,P<0.05)及失眠症状(40.3%vs 50.6%,P<0.05)发生率较低海拔校区低。两校区大学生焦虑症状、昼夜节律类型的发生率的差异没有统计学意义(焦虑:27.7%vs 29.8%;清晨型:19.3%vs 20.7%;夜晚型:9.5%vs 11.6%,均P>0.05)。高海拔校区是大学生日间嗜睡症状发生的危险因素(OR=1.663,95%CI 1.350~2.048,P<0.01),抑郁和失眠症状发生的保护因素(抑郁OR=0.792,95%CI 0.666~0.943;失眠OR=0.787,95%CI 0.664~0.932,P均<0.01)。结论焦虑、抑郁、失眠、日间嗜睡等症状在不同海拔校区大学生中普遍存在。高海拔校区大学生的日间嗜睡症状多见,抑郁及失眠症状少见。与低海拔校区(成都)相比,高海拔校区(西宁)增加大学生的日间嗜睡症状发生风险,减少抑郁和失眠症状发生风险。Objective To compare the psychological and sleep status of college students in different altitude campuses,and investigate the impact of high-altitude on college students′psychological and sleep status.Methods We surveyed 2485 college students in high-altitude campus(Xining,altitude of 2260 m)and 802 college students inlow-altitude campus(Chengdu,altitude of 500 m)of a university using general information questionnaire,self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),Beck depression inventory(BDI),Chinese Big Five Personality Inventory-15(CBF-PI-15),Insomnia Severity Index(ISI),Epworth Sleepiness Scale(ESS),Morning and Evening Questionnaire-5(MEQ-5).Results In general,a considerable proportion of college students had anxiety(28.2%),depression(55.4%),insomnia(42.8%),and daytime sleepiness symptoms(25.1%).Compared with low-altitude campus,college students in high-altitude had significantly higher incidence of daytime sleepiness(27.0%vs.19.0%,P<0.05),and lower incidences of depression(53.0%vs.62.7%,P<0.05)and insomnia symptoms(40.3%vs.50.6%,P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of anxiety symptoms or circadian rhythm types among college students between the two campuses(anxiety:27.7%vs.29.8%;morningness:19.3%vs.20.7%;eveningness:9.5%vs.11.6%;all P>0.05).The high-altitude campus was a risk factor for daytime sleepiness symptom(OR=1.663,95%CI 1.350-2.048,P<0.01),and a protective factor for depression and insomnia symptoms(depression OR=0.792,95%CI 0.666-0.943;insomnia OR=0.787,95%CI 0.664-0.932,both P<0.01).Conclusion Anxiety,depression,insomnia and daytime sleepiness symptoms are common among college students in different altitude campuses.Among college students in high-altitude campus,daytime sleepiness was prevalent while depression and insomnia symptoms were rare.Compared with low-altitude campus(Chengdu),high-altitude campus(Xining)increases the risk of daytime sleepiness symptom,while reduces the risk of depression and insomnia symptoms.

关 键 词：大学生 海拔 心理状况 睡眠状况 

分 类 号：R339.5[医药卫生—人体生理学] B84[医药卫生—基础医学]