小净距浅埋公路隧道施工涌水风险及处置效果分析  

Analysis of Water Inrush Risks and Treatment Effect in Construction of Shallow Buried Highway Tunnel with Small Clear Distance

作　　者：王海波 李海涛[3] 辛文青[4] 薄冠中 李伟 张永兴 WANG Hai-bo;LI Hai-tao;XIN Wen-qing;BO Guan-zhong;LI Wei;ZHANG Yong-xing(Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hydropower Development Key Technology, Changsha 410014, China;College of Civil Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;Jiangsu Communications Engineering Construction Bureau, Nanjing 210004, China;CCCC First Highway Two Engineering Co., Ltd., Suzhou 2150011, China;Quality Supervision and Law Enforcement Detachment of Xinjiang TransportationComprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Bureau, Urumqi 830000, China)

机构地区：[1]水能资源利用关键技术湖南省省重点实验室,湖南长沙410014 [2]南京林业大学土木工程学院,江苏南京210037 [3]江苏省交通工程建设局,江苏南京210004 [4]中交一公局第二工程有限公司,江苏苏州2150011 [5]新疆交通运输综合行政执法局质量监督执法支队,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《南京工程学院学报（自然科学版）》2021年第4期79-86,共8页Journal of Nanjing Institute of Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51508279);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20150885);住房和城乡建设部科学技术项目(2018-K4-008);水能资源利用关键技术湖南省省重点实验室开放研究基金项目(PKLHD201803)。

摘　　要：当岩层节理裂隙较发育或呈碎块状且稳定性较差时,对于采用浅埋小净距公路隧道工程,雨季集中期的隧道开挖施工存在较高的涌水风险.以梅子岭小净距浅埋公路隧道工程为例,采用地质雷达对隧道临空掌子面开挖和未开挖区域进行布线扫描,针对降雨入渗条件下梅子岭隧道施工过程中产生掌子面涌水情况进行分析.采用三维数值模型流固耦合分析方法判别涌水不利情况,并对预防突涌水的控制措施效果进行评价.试验结果表明:梅子岭隧道围岩属Ⅴ到Ⅳ级条件且裂隙发育较多,降雨入渗渗流涌水最不利位置为掌子面正轴线倾斜方向和上台阶临空面处,对应的掌子面变形最大;超前帷幕注浆的止水效果最明显,当注浆区范围半径达3.5 m以上时,隧道日均涌水量迅速减小至可控条件;设置泄水孔的措施对掌子面涌水风险的治理效果亦较明显,当打设三排泄水孔时掌子面涌水明显可控;截水天沟止水可在隧洞原有止水措施基础上进一步辅助降低隧道日均涌水量,并对掌子面稳定性控制有所帮助.There is a high risk of water gushing in shallowly buried and small clear distance highway tunnels in rainy seasons in the case of developed,fragmentary or shaky rock joints and fissures.A small clear distance highway tunnel in Meiziling Mountain was selected as the engineering background,and ground penetrating radar was utilized to carry on wiring scanning in the tunnel free face excavation and the unearthed area,and the tunnel face water gushing during the construction process under conditions of rainfall infiltration.Based on the seepage analysis method of three-dimensional numerical modeling,the adverse situation of water inrush was identified,and the measures to prevent water inrush were simulated with the evaluation of implementation effect.The results indicate that the surrounding rock of Meiziling tunnel varies from gradeⅣtoⅤand the rock fissures are well developed.The most disadvantageous position of water inflow is located in the inclined direction of the main axis of the tunnel face and the free face of the middle and upper steps,and the related face deformation is also the largest;the measures of setting drainage holes have obvious effect on minimizing risks of water inrush;when the three drainage holes are set,the water inflow becomes obviously controllable;with the increase of the radius of the grouting area,the average daily water inflow of the tunnel is rapidly reduced to controllable conditions;the intercepting ditch on the front slope can further reduce the average daily water inflow of the tunnel on the basis of the original water prevention measures of the tunnel.

关 键 词：小净距隧道 降雨入渗 掌子面涌水 防涌水措施 

分 类 号：U455[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]