空气压缩机高速转子失效分析  

Failure Analysis on High-speed Rotor of A ir Compressor

作　　者：吴跃 WU Yue(East China Electric Power Test and Research Institute,China Datang Corporation Science and Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Hefei 230031,Anhui China;Datang Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspection Center Co.,Ltd.,Hefei 230031,Anhui China)

机构地区：[1]中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司华东电力试验研究院,安徽合肥230088 [2]大唐锅炉压力容器检验中心有限公司,安徽合肥230088

出　　处：《热处理》2021年第6期40-43,共4页Heat Treatment

摘　　要：某电厂空压机高速转子累计使用了1年2个月后因双头螺栓断裂而失效。对断裂的双头螺栓进行了宏观检验、化学成分分析、力学性能检测、金相检验、断口分析和有限元分析,以揭示其断裂的原因。结果表明:螺栓硬度超标,组织为细小的针状马氏体和块状铁素体,因而脆性较大、韧性较低,在空压机高速运转过程中交变应力的作用下键槽等应力集中部位产生疲劳裂纹,最终发生高周疲劳断裂。In a plant,the high-speed rotor of air compressor failed because of stud breaking after a year and two months of service.The broken stud was subjected to macro-check,chemical composition analysis,mechanical property measurements,microstructure survey,fracture test,and finite element analysis,to discover the cause of its breaking.The results showed that the stud exhibited overproofed hardness and fine needle-type martensite and massive ferrite,with the result that stud had greater brittl eness and lower toughness,and fatigue crack emanated from stess concentration point such as keyway by the action of alternating stress during high-speed operation,finally,resulting in its high-cycle fatigue fracturing.

关 键 词：空压机 双头螺栓 硬度 针状马氏体 高周疲劳断裂 

分 类 号：TG157[金属学及工艺—热处理]