高吸油性竹基PU泡沫材料的制备及性能  

Study on Preparation and Performance of Bamboo-based Polyurethane Foam with High Oil Absorption

作　　者：张浩南 孙官超 徐开蒙[1] 解林坤[1] 柴希娟[1] ZHANG Hao-nan;SUN Guan-chao;XU Kai-meng;XIE Lin-kun;CHAI Xi-juan(International Joint Research Center for Biomass Materials,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学国家生物质材料国家联合研究中心,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《塑料工业》2021年第12期143-148,共6页China Plastics Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31960297,31660179,31760184)。

摘　　要：以竹粉液化多元醇替代石化多元醇制备了竹基聚氨酯硬质和软质泡沫。通过对比二者的吸油量,选择了吸油性能更佳的竹基聚氨酯软泡作为后续处理的基体。进一步采用氧等离子处理和甲基三氯硅烷对竹基聚氨酯软泡进行表面改性处理,得到了具有高吸油性的亲油疏水泡沫。考察了等离子处理时间和甲基三氯硅烷液相沉积时间对竹基聚氨酯软泡表面特性和吸油性能的影响,得出了优化的工艺参数:等离子处理时间为45 s、液相沉积时间为2 h时得到的改性聚氨酯泡沫吸油性能最优。根据油品分子量不同,其吸附量可达自重的25~56倍,是未处理泡沫吸附量的2.5倍。重复利用实验表明,经改性的竹基聚氨酯软泡在重复利用10次后仍能保持良好的吸油能力,具有优异的循环使用性能。In this study, the rigid and soft bamboo-based polyurethane foam was prepared by using liquefied polyols of bamboo powder instead of petrochemical polyols.By comparing the oil absorption capacity, the bamboo-based polyurethane soft foam with better oil absorption performance was selected as the substrate for subsequent treatment.Furthermore, the surface modification of bamboo-based polyurethane foam was carried out by oxygen plasma treatment and methyltrichlorosilane, and the hydrophilic foam with high oil absorption was obtained.The effects of plasma treatment time and liquid deposition time of methyl trichlosilane on the surface characteristics and oil absorption performance of bamboo-based polyurethane foam were investigated.The optimized process parameters were obtained.When the plasma treatment time is 45 s and the liquid deposition time is 2 h, the modified polyurethane foam shows the best oil absorption performance.Depending on the molecular weight of the oil, the adsorption capacity of the modified polyurethane foam can achieve 25~56 times of its weight, which is 2.5 times that of untreated foam.The reuse experiment indicates that the modified bamboo-based polyurethane foam could keep good oil absorption ability after being reused for 10 times and exhibits excellent recycling performance.

关 键 词：竹基聚氨酯泡沫 等离子处理 液相沉积 疏水亲油 

分 类 号：TQ328.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]