长期冬绿肥翻压对土壤无机磷形态的影响  

Effects of Long-term Overturning of Winter Green Manure on Soil Inorganic Phosphorus Form

作　　者：张茜 向春阳 赵秋[2] 史昕倩 田秀平 杜锦 ZHANG Qian;XIANG Chunyang;ZHAO Qiu;SHI Xinqian;TIAN Xiuping;DU Jin(College of Agronomy and Resources and Environment,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China;Tianjin Institute of Agriculture Resources and Environment,Tianjin 300192,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院农学与资源环境学院,天津300384 [2]天津市农业资源与环境研究所,天津300192

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2021年第11期62-71,共10页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家绿肥产业技术体系项目(CARS-22);天津市农业科技成果转化项目(17YFNZNC00050)。

摘　　要：为科学种植绿肥,提高土壤磷素有效性,于2012—2019年进行冬绿肥—玉米轮作,并对土壤中无机磷形态进行分析与评价,探讨二月兰(Orychophragmus violaceus)、毛叶苕子(Vicia villosa Roth)、黑麦草(Lolium perenne L.)、冬油菜(Brassica campestris L.)等冬绿肥对土壤无机磷形态的影响;结合后茬玉米吸磷量,研究各形态无机磷的生物有效性。结果表明,施用4种冬绿肥均可有效增加土壤无机磷总量,但无机磷总量占全磷含量百分比整体上均有所降低。不同处理之间相比,长期翻压冬绿肥后,翻压冬油菜的土壤Ca_(2)-P含量(40.71 mg/kg)增加最多、翻压毛叶苕子的土壤Ca_(8)-P含量(169.41 mg/kg)增加最多、翻压黑麦草的土壤Al-P含量(60.08 mg/kg)增加最多、翻压黑麦草的土壤Ca_(10)-P和翻压毛叶苕子的土壤O-P含量下降较多。玉米籽粒全磷含量与各形态无机磷的相关系数大小依次为Ca_(2)-P(0.836**)>Ca_(8)-P(0.829**)>Al-P(0.633*)>O-P(0.452)>Ca_(10)-P(0.246)>Fe-P(-0.299)。In order to plant green manure scientifically and improve the availability of soil phosphorus,this study rotated winter green manure/corn in 2012—2019,analyzed and evaluated the inorganic phosphorus form in the soil,to explore the influence of winter green manures such as Orychophragmus violaceus,Vicia villosa Roth,Lolium perenne L.,Brassica campestris L.on the soil inorganic phosphorus form;and combining the phosphorus uptake of corn in subsequent crops,the bioavailability of various forms of inorganic phosphorus was studied.The results showed that the application of the four winter green manures could effectively increase the total inorganic phosphorus content in the soil,but the percentage of the total inorganic phosphorus content in the total phosphorus content was reduced as a whole.By compared different treatments,after long-term overturning of winter green manure the soil Ca_(2)-P content(40.71 mg/kg)of overturning Brassica campestris L.increased the most,and the soil Ca_(8)-P content(169.41 mg/kg)of overturning Vicia villosa Roth increased the most,and the soil Al-P content(60.08 mg/kg)of overturning Lolium perenne L.increased the most.The content of Ca10-P and O-P in the soil of overturning Lolium perenne L.and Vicia villosa Roth respectively decreased significantly.The correlation coefficients between the phosphorus content of corn grains and various forms of inorganic phosphorus were in the order of Ca_(2)-P(0.836**)>Ca_(8)-P(0.829**)>Al-P(0.633*)>O-P(0.452)>Ca_(10)-P(0.246)>Fe-P(-0.299).

关 键 词：冬绿肥 春玉米 轮作 无机磷形态 无机磷有效性 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S55