烟草资源多元化开发利用潜能  

Diversified Development and Utilization of Tobacco Resources

作　　者：张文姬 陈桢禄 邹明民 潘晓英 袁清华[1] 黄振瑞 ZHANG Wenji;CHEN Zhenlu;ZOU Mingmin;PAN Xiaoying;YUAN Qinghua;HUANG Zhenrui(Crops Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics&Improvement/Guangdong Engineering&Technology Research Center for Tobacco Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization,Guangzhou 510640,China;Guangzhou Branch,China National Tobacco Corporation,Guangzhou 510610,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院作物研究所/广东省农作物遗传改良重点实验室/广东省烟草育种与综合利用工程技术研究中心,广东广州510640 [2]中国烟草总公司广东省公司,广东广州510610

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2021年第12期100-110,共11页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广东省农业科学院青年科技骨干项目(R2019YJ-QG001);广东省农业科学院优秀博士人才项目(R2018YJ-YB3002)。

摘　　要：我国烟草资源丰富,但是烟草产业发展单一,多集中在卷烟工业。这不仅没有充分利用和挖掘特色的烟草植物资源,而且也造成了卷烟工业废弃烟叶及烟杆等的极大浪费和环境污染。在“十四五”发展规划以及健康中国新时代背景下,烟草资源的多元化发展和高值化利用逐渐成为新的发展方向。烟草植物本身含有丰富的功能活性成分,为其开发利用提供了物质基础和资源保障。尤其是烟草植物特有的生物碱如烟碱及其衍生物、萜烯类茄尼醇和西柏三烯二醇等、酚类如芦丁和绿原酸等物质,以及烟草经基因工程转化生产的人类医药类产物,是烟草在绿色农药、营养健康以及人类生物医药领域高值应用的创新价值体现成分。基于烟草工业的发展现状,综述了烟草资源在现代循环农业、农业绿色防控、工业新能源、医药健康、烟草转基因工程等领域的发展现状及应用前景,并提出烟草多元化开发利用可行的研究建议,建议政府加强引导及资助,统筹农、工、医等多方面的科研平台及人才,梳理烟草资源管控方针,从全局出发将废弃烟草、“有害烟草”转变为功能烟草、健康烟草,积极推进传统烟草产业的转型升级,向更有利于经济、社会发展的方向可持续发展。China has abundant tobacco resources,however,the development of tobacco industry is undiversified,mostly concentrated in the cigarette industry.This not only fails to make full use of the characteristic tobacco plant resources,but also causes a great waste of tobacco leaves and stems and environmental pollution brought by cigarette industry.Under the background of the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan and the new era of“healthy China”,the diversified development and high-value utilization of tobacco resources has gradually become a new development direction.The tobacco plants contain many functional active components,which provide material basis and resource guarantee for their development and utilization.Especially,the characteristic alkaloids of the tobacco plants such as nicotine and its derivativ es,terpenes solanesol and cembratrien-diol,phenol-like rutin and chlorogenic acid and other substances,and pharmaceutical products produced by tobacco with genetic engineering,are foundation in green pesticide,nutrition,health and human biological medicine with valuable application value.Based on the current situation of the development of tobacco industry,this paper analyzed the tobacco resources in modern circulation agriculture,green agricultural control,new energy industry,medicine,health,tobacco transgenic engineering and the considerable prospect in such areas.In addition,it put forward practical and feasible research suggestions for the diversified development and utilization of tobacco.It is hoped that the government will strengthen guidance and funding,coordinate scientific research platforms and talents in agriculture,industry,medicine and other aspects,sort out the tobacco resource control policy,start to transform waste tobacco and“harmful tobacco”into functional tobacco and healthy tobacco from the overall situation,and actively promote the transformation and upgrading of traditional tobacco industry to achieve the sustainable development that benefits for the economy and society.

关 键 词：烟草 现代循环农业 绿色防控 医药健康 新能源 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]