Rapid CO_(2) exfoliation of Zintl phase CaSi_(2)-derived ultrathin free-standing Si/SiO_(x)/C nanosheets for high-performance lithium storage  

二氧化碳快速剥离Zintl相硅化钙制备超薄Si/SiO_(x)/C纳米片及其高效储锂性能

作　　者：Lin Sun Jie Xie Songchao Huang Yanxiu Liu Lei Zhang Jun Wu Zhong Jin 孙林;谢杰;黄松超;刘宴秀;张磊;吴俊;金钟(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Yancheng Institute of Technology,Yancheng 224051,China;MOE Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry,MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials,Shenzhen Research Institute of Nanjing University,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Yancheng Institute of Technology,Yancheng 224051,China [2]MOE Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry,MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials,Shenzhen Research Institute of Nanjing University,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China

出　　处：《Science China Materials》2022年第1期51-58,共8页中国科学（材料科学（英文版）

基　　金：financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0208200 and 2016YFB0700600);the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(0205-14380219);the Projects of National Natural Science Foundation of China(22022505,21872069 and 51761135104);the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20181056,BK20180008 and BK20191042);Jiangsu Postdoctoral Science Fundation(2020Z258);the Funding for School-level Research Projects of Yancheng Institute of Technology(xjr2019006).

摘　　要：Semiconducting silicon(Si)nanomaterials have great potential for the applications in electronics,physics,and energy storage fields.However,to date,it is still a challenge to realize the batch production of Si nanomaterials via efficient and low-cost approaches,owing to some long-standing shortcomings,e.g.,complex procedures and time and/or energy consumption.Herein,we report a green and inexpensive method to rapidly obtain two-dimensional(2D)free-standing Si/SiO_(x) nanosheets via the rapid thermal exfoliation of layered Zintl compound CaSi_(2).With the help of the rapid exfoliation reaction of CaSi_(2) in the atmosphere of greenhouse gas CO_(2),and the following mild sonication,2D free-standing Si/SiO_(x) nanosheets can be produced with very high yield.After applying the coating of a thin carbon outer layer,the electrodes of Si/SiO_(x)/C nanosheets serving as the anodes for lithium-ion batteries exhibit ultrahigh reversible capacity and outstanding electrochemical stability.We expect this study will provide new insights and inspirations for the convenient and batch production of nanostructural Si-based anode materials towards high-performance lithium-ion batteries.半导体硅(Si)纳米材料在电子、物理、储能等领域有着广阔的应用前景.然而,到目前为止,由于一些长期存在的难题,如制备工艺复杂,时间、能耗较大等,通过高效低成本的途径实现纳米硅材料的规模化生产依然具有挑战.在本工作中,我们报道了一种绿色、廉价的纳米Si材料的制备方法:通过CO_(2)快速热剥离层状Zintl相化合物CaSi_(2)高产率地制备二维超薄Si/SiO_(x)纳米片.我们发现CaSi_(2)可以在一定条件下和CO_(2)稳定反应.利用此特性并借助温和超声处理,可以高产量制备出超薄Si/SiO_(x)纳米片.通过导电化处理,得到Si/SiO_(x)/C复合纳米片.该复合材料作为锂离子电池的负极材料,具有较高的可逆容量和优异的电化学稳定性.我们希望本研究能为批量生产高容量锂离子电池的硅基纳米结构材料提供新的思路.

关 键 词：lithium-ion battery two-dimensional silicon anode calcium silicide greenhouse gas 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] TB383.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]