水/沼液一体化不同灌溉方式对番茄生长及产量品质的影响研究  

Effects of Different Water-biogas Slurry Integrate Irrigation Methods on the Growth,Yield and Quality of Tomato

作　　者：何世智 郑健[2] HE Shi-zhi;ZHENG Jian(Water Conservancy Research Institute of Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture,Linxia 731100,Gansu Province,China;School of Energy and Power Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,Gansu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]临夏回族自治州水利科学研究院,甘肃临夏731100 [2]兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2022年第1期118-122,129,共6页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51969012);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(18JR3RA154)。

摘　　要：为探索分根交替灌溉条件下水/沼液一体化施用方式对番茄生长和产量品质的影响。本研究采用两季盆栽试验,以番茄为研究对象,在水/沼液一体分根交替灌溉基础上,采用地表灌溉(APRI-B)和穴孔灌溉(APRI-X)2种灌溉方式,探求不同灌溉方式对番茄生长指标、干物质质量分配以及产量品质指标的影响规律。结果表明:APRI-X处理能够显著促进番茄株高和茎粗的增加,且较APRI-B处理能获得更好的光合速率,有利于光合产物的形成;与APRI-B处理相比,能够增加总根干物质量23%以上,并能促进番茄根系更好地向土壤深层生长,获得更好的根冠比。此外,APRI-X处理的产量和水分利用效率明显高于APRI-B处理,其果实的可滴定酸、可溶性总糖、维生素C、可溶性蛋白、可溶性固形物和果实硬度等指标均优于APRI-B处理,能够调节番茄的口感,改善番茄营养品质,提高番茄的储存和长途运输能力,是水/沼液一体化灌溉的有效方式,建议在分根交替灌溉条件下采用穴孔的方式进行灌溉。To explore the effects of water-biogas slurry integrate irrigation methods under the condition of alternate partial root-zone irrigation(APRI)on the growth,yield and quality of tomato,two irrigation methods,surface irrigation(APRI-B)and hole irrigation(APRI-X)are adopted in two-season pot experiments.The results show that the irrigation method has significant influence on the growth,dry biomass distribution,yield and quality of tomato,such as APRI-X can promote the increase in plant height and stem diameter of tomato,as well as the photosynthetic rate and the formation of photosynthetic product.When compared with APRI-B,the method of APRI-X can improve the root dry biomass more than 23%and promote the roots to grow better into the deep soil and obtain a superior root-shoot ratio.Furthermore,the yield and water use efficiency(WUE)of APRI-X treatment are much higher than that of APRI-B,and the titratable acid,total soluble sugar,vitamin C,soluble protein,soluble solid and fruit firmness of tomato in APRI-X treatment are also better than that of fruits in APRIX treatment.This indicates that the irrigation method of APRI-X can improve the taste and quality of tomato,as well as the quality for storage and transportation,which will be a good method for water-biogas slurry integrated irrigation in agriculture production.

关 键 词：沼液 分根区交替灌溉 表施 穴施 生理生态指标 产量品质 

分 类 号：TV93[水利工程—水利水电工程] S274.3[农业科学—农业水土工程]