混沙对黄河三角洲盐渍土盐分淋洗效果的影响  

The Effect of Sand-incorporation on Salt Leaching of Saline Soil in the Yellow River Delta

作　　者：高崧 亓波 李靖江 雷廷武 GAO Song;QI Bo;LI Jing-jiang;LEI Ting-wu(College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018,Shandong Province,China;College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学水利土木工程学院,山东泰安271018 [2]中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2022年第1期130-133,140,共5页China Rural Water and Hydropower

摘　　要：黄河三角洲沉积形成的盐渍土结构致密、容重大、渗透性差,导致盐分浸出困难。本研究通过室内土柱试验,分析了混沙量(0%、20%、50%)对盐渍化土壤盐分淋洗效果的影响。结果表明:混沙能够显著加快盐分淋洗速度,缩短淋洗时间,降低相同淋洗体积条件下淋出液的电导率;随着混沙量的增加,淋洗后土壤K^(+)、Mg^(2+)和Cl^(-)的脱盐率无明显变化,Na^(+)和Ca^(2+)的脱盐率增加,SO_(4)^(2-)的脱盐率降低,总盐分脱盐率升高,土壤离子组成越好;淋洗后土壤pH值显著增加,土壤会发生碱化,但混沙量越多pH增加幅度越小,土壤的碱化程度越低;混沙还能显著降低淋洗后土壤SAR,且混沙量越多SAR越小。研究结果将为黄河三角洲地区盐渍土的改良提供理论依据。Saline soil developed on sedimentation in the Yellow River Delta has compact structure,high bulk density,and low permeability,which leads to the difficulty of salt leaching.This study analyzes the effects of sand-incorporation rates(0%,20%,50%)on soil salt leaching by indoor soil column experiment.The results show that sand-incorporation can significantly increase the speed of salt leaching,shorten the leaching time,and reduce the electrical conductivity of leaching solution under the same leaching volume.With the increase in sand-incorporation rate,the desalination rates of K^(+),Mg^(2+)and Cl^(-)after leaching have no significant variation,the desalination rates of Na^(+)and Ca^(2+)have increased,the desalination rate of SO_(4)^(2-)has reduced,the total salt desalination rate has increased,and the better the ion composition of soil.The pH of soil has increased significantly after leaching,which leads to soil alkalization,but the higher the sand-incorporation rate,the less the increase of pH,the lower the degree of soil alkalization.Sand-incorporation can significantly reduce the SAR of soil,and the more the sand-incorporation rate,the lower the SAR of soil after salt leaching.The results will provide a theoretical basis for the improvement of saline soil in the Yellow River Delta.

关 键 词：黄河三角洲 盐渍土 混沙 盐分淋洗 脱盐率 

分 类 号：TV93[水利工程—水利水电工程] S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]