壳聚糖螯合锌对大肠杆菌K88攻毒仔猪盲肠形态、微生物组成、代谢产物以及炎症反应的影响  

Effects of chitosan-chelated zinc on cecal morphology,microbiota composition,microbial metabolites and inflammatory response in weaned piglets challenged with Escherichia coli K88

作　　者：侯国珺 张民扬 汪晶[1] 朱伟云[1] HOU Guojun;ZHANG Minyang;WANG Jing;ZHU Weiyun(College of Animal Science and Technology/National Center for International Research on Animal GutNutrition/National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学动物科技学院/国家动物消化道营养国际联合研究中心/动物科学类国家级实验教学示范中心,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2022年第1期164-173,共10页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0500505)。

摘　　要：[目的]本试验旨在探究壳聚糖螯合锌对大肠杆菌K88攻毒仔猪盲肠微生物组成、代谢产物及炎症反应的影响。[方法]试验选取48头21日龄体重平均为6.21 kg的断奶仔猪,随机均分为4组:对照组(CON),饲喂基础饲粮;氧化锌组(ZnO),基础日粮中添加氧化锌(锌终含量1600 mg·kg^(-1));壳聚糖螯合锌组(CS-Zn),在基础日粮中添加壳聚糖螯合锌(锌终含量100 mg·kg^(-1),壳聚糖终含量766 mg·kg^(-1));壳聚糖组(CS),在基础日粮中添加壳聚糖,壳聚糖含量与壳聚糖螯合锌组相等。在试验15 d时,每组随机选取6头仔猪,每头口服10^(10) CFU的大肠杆菌K88培养液进行攻毒,攻毒48 h后屠宰、取样,测定仔猪盲肠形态、盲肠食糜微生物组成和短链脂肪酸浓度以及盲肠黏膜中细胞因子浓度。[结果]与对照组相比,氧化锌和壳聚糖螯合锌处理均显著降低了仔猪盲肠隐窝深度,壳聚糖螯合锌组和壳聚糖组仔猪盲肠形态病理评分也显著降低。与对照组相比,饲粮中添加壳聚糖螯合锌和壳聚糖也均显著降低了仔猪盲肠微生物中变形菌门的相对丰度(P<0.05)。并且,壳聚糖螯合锌处理上调了乳杆菌属和普氏菌属9的相对丰度,下调了链球菌属和布劳特氏菌属的相对丰度。此外,与对照组相比,壳聚糖螯合锌组仔猪盲肠中乙酸、丁酸、总短链脂肪酸和乳酸含量显著上升,盲肠内容物的pH值显著降低,而壳聚糖螯合锌和壳聚糖组中丁酸、总短链脂肪酸和乳酸含量无显著差异。同时,壳聚糖螯合锌处理显著降低了盲肠黏膜中髓过氧化物酶(MPO)、白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)和干扰素γ(INF-γ)水平。[结论]日粮中添加壳聚糖螯合锌可以改善断奶仔猪盲肠微生物组成,提高盲肠食糜中乳酸和短链脂肪酸浓度,降低盲肠黏膜中炎症因子浓度,有助于缓解大肠杆菌攻毒引起的肠道炎症反应。[Objectives]The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of chitosan-chelated zinc on cecal microbiota composition,microbial metabolites and inflammatory response in weaned piglets challenged with Escherichia coli K88.[Methods]48 crossbred piglets(average body weight 6.21 kg)weaned at 21 days of age were randomly assigned(4 pens per diet;3 pigs per pen)to 4 groups:control group(CON,basal diet),high dose zinc oxide group(ZnO,basal diet supplemented with 1600 mg·kg^(-1) Zn from ZnO),chitosan-chelated zinc group(CS-Zn,basal diet supplemented with 100 mg·kg^(-1) Zn and 766 mg·kg^(-1) chitosan from CS-Zn)and chitosan group(CS,basal diet supplemented with 766 mg·kg^(-1) chitosan).Piglets were orally challenged with E.coli K88 on 15 days and six piglets from each group were slaughtered 48 hours after infection.The morphology of cecum,the microbiota composition,the concentration of short-chain fatty acids(SCFA)in cecum disgesta,and concentration of cytokines in cecum mucosa were determined.[Results]Compared with the CON group,the cecal crypt depth of piglets in ZnO group and CS-Zn group significantly reduced(P<0.05).The cecal pathological scores of the piglets in the CS-Zn group and the CS group were significantly lower than those of the CON group(P<0.05).Compared with the CON treatment,the relative abundance of Proteobacteria significantly decreased in CS-Zn group.Meanwhile,CS-Zn upregulated the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Prevotella-9,and down-regulated the relative abundance of Streptococcus and Blautia.In addition,the contents of acetate,butyrate,total short chain fatty acids(SCFA)and lactate in cecal digesta of CS-Zn piglets significantly increased.There were no significant differences in the concentration of butyrate,total SCFA and lactate between CS-Zn and CS group piglets.Furthermore,the level of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),Tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),myeloperoxidase(MPO)and interferon-γ(INF-γ)in the cecal mucosa of CS-Zn group were significantly lower than those of CON group.[Concl

关 键 词：壳聚糖螯合锌 断奶仔猪 盲肠微生物 炎症反应 

分 类 号：S828.8[农业科学—畜牧学]