内蒙古中部地区3~6岁儿童先天性心脏病筛查结果分析  

Prevalence of congenital heart disease in 3-6-year-old children in central regions of Inner Mongolia

作　　者：张小杉[1] 张立新 哈斯[1] 段莎莎[1] 施依璐[1] 赵捷 王婧[1] 任军勇[1] 张雷[1] 王雅皙[1] Zhang Xiaoshan;Zhang Lixin;Ha Si;Duan Shasha;Shi Yilu;Zhao Jie;Wang Jing;Ren Junyong;Zhang Lei;Wang Yaxi(Department of Ultrasound,The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University,Hohhot 010050,China;Women and Children's Office,Inner Mongolia Health Committee,Hohhot 010050,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古医科大学附属医院超声医学科,呼和浩特010050 [2]内蒙古自治区卫生健康委妇幼处,呼和浩特010050

出　　处：《中华临床医师杂志（电子版）》2021年第9期699-703,共5页Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition)

基　　金：内蒙古科技厅科技计划项目(2019GG081);内蒙古自然科学基金面上项目(2019MS08148);内蒙古自然科学基金面上项目(2016MS(LH)0808);内蒙古医科大学青年创新基金(YKD2018QNCX041);内蒙古医科大学科技百万工程项目(YKD2020KJBW(LF)018);内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目自然科学一般项目(NJZY21588)。

摘　　要：目的筛查内蒙古中部地区3~6岁儿童先天性心脏病(CHD)患病情况,为进一步做好内蒙古自治区出生缺陷综合防治工作、开展地区筛查及治疗提供参考数据。方法选取2016年3月至2020年12月呼和浩特市区、武川县、凉城县、四子王旗、察哈尔右翼中旗、二连浩特市、苏尼特左旗、呼和浩特市白庙子乡8个区县16所幼儿园的3~6岁儿童4264名,进行公益CHD筛查。所有儿童均接受超声心动图检查,以超声心动图结果为诊断CHD的金标准。结果共筛查4264名儿童,其中CHD 36例(8.4‰)。筛查阳性率在性别之间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同县市CHD阳性率分别为呼和浩特市区2.9‰,武川县14.9‰,凉城县11.2‰,四子王旗3.4‰,察哈尔右翼中旗8.2‰,二连浩特市3.5‰,苏尼特左旗16.7‰,白庙子乡19.1‰;8个县市之间CHD筛查阳性率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。CHD疾病种类构成:动脉导管未闭(PDA)16例(44.4%),房间隔缺损(ASD)13例(36.1%),室间隔缺损(VSD)6例(16.7%),肺动脉瓣狭窄(PS)1例(2.78%);经统计学比较,PDA及ASD占比高于PS,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.001)。36例患儿中有1例PDA和1例ASD接受了介入封堵治疗,术后恢复良好,余患儿均接受规律复诊随访,无不良事件发生。结论内蒙古中部地区3~6岁儿童CHD筛查阳性率高于全国水平,CHD的构成以PDA及ASD为主。Objective To investigate the prevalence of congenital heart disease(CHD)in children aged 3-6 years in the central regions of Inner Mongolia by echocardiography,to provide reference data for national prevention and control of CHD.Methods From March 2016 to December 2020,4264 children aged 3 to 6 years from 16 kindergartens in eight districts and counties,including Hohhot,Wuchuan County,Liangcheng County,Siziwang Banner,Chahar Right-right Middle Banner,Erlianhot City,Sunite Left Banner and Baimiaozi Township of Hohhot City,were selected for free CHD screening.The results of echocardiography were used as the criteria for the diagnosis of CHD.Results A total of 4264 children were screened,of whom 36(8.4‰)had CHD.There was no significant difference in the positive rate of screening between genders(P>0.05).The prevalence of CHD in different regions was 2.9‰in Hohhot,14.9‰in Wuchuan County,11.2‰in Liangcheng County,3.4‰in Siziwang Banner,8.2‰in Chayou Central Banner,3.5‰in Erlianhot City,16.7‰in Sunite Left Banner and 19.1‰in Bamiaozi Township.There was no statistical significance in the positive rate of CHD screening among the eight different counties and cities(P>0.05).The types of CHD included patent ductus arteriosus(PDA)in 16(44.4%)cases,atrial septal defect(ASD)in 13(36.1%),ventricular septal defect in 6(16.7%),and pulmonary stenosis(PS)in 1(2.78%).The rates of PDA and ASD were significantly higher than that of PS(P<0.001 for both).Among the 36 children,1 case of PDA and 1 case of ASD received interventional occlusion therapy,and both children recovered well after surgery.The other children received regular follow-up visits.Conclusion The prevalence of CHD in children aged 3 to 6 years in Central Inner Mongolia is higher than the national level,and the composition of CHD is primarily PDA and ASD.

关 键 词：先天性心脏病 筛查 儿童 内蒙古中部地区 

分 类 号：R725.4[医药卫生—儿科]