从明清地方公共事务看徽商“士”意识的觉醒  

The Awakening of Huizhou Merchants' "Shi" Consciousness from the Perspective of Local Public Affairs in the Mingand Qing Dynasties

作　　者：王世华[1] WANG Shi-hua(School of History,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu Anhui 241002,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学历史学院,安徽芜湖241002

出　　处：《安徽师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第1期68-79,共12页Journal of Anhui Normal University(Hum.&Soc.Sci.)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大招标项目“六百年徽商资料整理与研究”(13&ZD088)。

摘　　要：明清时期,由于州县地方“存留”款极少,很多地方公共事务,根本无法解决,地方政府只能置若罔闻,一推了之。而在不少地方,面对公共事务,徽商却能挺身而出,或独立捐资,主持解决,或捐资为倡,联合众力解决,从而弥补了地方政府不作为而留下的种种缺憾,表现出勇于担当的气慨和强烈的社会责任感。这一切都说明了徽商“士”意识的觉醒,徽商就是真正的“士魂商才”。明清时期的“士商相混”,不仅仅是士商身份上的互通,更重要的是商人在意识上的觉醒,充满了商人的自信,也彰显了时代的进步。During the Ming and Qing dynasties,as there were very few retained funds in states and counties,public affairs in many places couldn't be solved at all.The local government could only turn a deaf ear to unsolved public affairs and shirked its responsibility.At the same time,in many other places,Hui merchants came forward to solve public affairs in the ways of independent donation or fundraising by uniting all forces,which made up for the various shortcomings left by the local government's inaction.Hui merchants displayed their courage to take responsibility and their strong sense of social responsibility.The above illustrates the awakening of Hui merchants'"Shi"consciousness.Hui merchants are genuine merchants with"Shi"spirit.The"mixed scholars and merchants"in the Ming and Qing dynasties was not just the exchange of their identities,more importantly,the businessman's awakening of consciousness,which showed full of the confidence of Hui merchants and also the progress of the times.

关 键 词：明清 地方公共事务 徽商 

分 类 号：F129[经济管理—世界经济]