氨氮质量浓度及附着基筛选对硝化细菌氨氮净化影响  

Effects of Ammonia Nitrogen Concentration and Substrate Selection on Ammonia Nitrogen Purification by Nitrifying Bacteria

作　　者：穆显鑫 苗德霞 孙丹妮 张文平 闫密 陈会娟 朱明 MU Xianxin;MIAO Dexia;SUN Danni;ZHANG Wenping;YAN Mi;CHEN Huijuan;ZHU Ming(Jiangsu Key Labortaory of Marine Biotechnology, College of Marine Science and Fisheries, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China)

机构地区：[1]江苏海洋大学海洋科学与水产学院,江苏省海洋生物技术重点实验室,江苏连云港222005

出　　处：《水产科学》2022年第1期122-129,共8页Fisheries Science

基　　金：江苏省科技厅重点研发计划项目(BE2018387);江苏海洋大学人才引进科研基金项目(KQ19042);桂林市科学研究与技术开发计划(重大专项)(20190102);连云港高新区科技项目(ZD201901).

摘　　要：将带有试验硝化细菌——食油假单胞菌X14-1-1的等面积陶粒、聚氯乙烯、纤维、火山岩、无纺布和流化床6种材料的附着基分别放入1 L的充气瓶内,在36℃、130 r/min的摇床上混合培养48 h后,洗脱计数测定菌种附着数量。模拟氨氮去除率试验中氨氮初始质量浓度为0(不加硫酸铵)、10、20、30、40、50、60 mg/L,每组设3个平行。放入光照培养箱中在20℃、光照度5000 lx(光照周期12L∶12D)充氧1 L/h后,分别于第0、1、2、3、4天随机抽取10 mL水样,测定氨氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)含量,以测定硝化效率。试验结果表明,纤维和无纺布为最适硝化细菌挂膜的附着基,聚氯乙烯为最适用于氨氮和亚硝酸盐去除的附着基。在聚氯乙烯材质中,一次性分别加入10、20、30、40、50、60 mg/L氨氮时,其氨氮去除率分别为87%、86%、86%、82%、88%和75%。在初始氨氮质量浓度50 mg/L时,该菌对氨氮的净化效果最好。该菌株在海水养殖环境水质调节及养殖用水处理方向具有重要应用价值。The attachments made of six materials of equal area including ceramsite,polyvinyl chloride,fiber,volcanic rock,non-woven fabric or fluidized bed with test nitrifying bacterium—Pseudomonas oleovorans X14-1-1 was put in a 1 L aerated bottle,mixed and cultured on a shaker at 36°C and 130 r/min for 48 h to screen the optimal attachment of X14-1-1 by elution counting the number of bacteria attached.In the simulated ammonia nitrogen removal test,the concentration of ammonia nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N)was determined in the 1 L aerated bottle incubators with initial ammonia nitrogen concentration of 0(no ammonium sulfate),10,20,30,40,50 and 60 mg/L,with 3 replicates,under the conditions of 20°C,oxygenation for 1 L/h and light intensity of 5000 lx(photoperod 12L∶12D)on day 0,1,2,3,and 4 to evaluate the nitrification efficiency.It was found that fibers and non-woven fabrics were the optimal attachment of nitrifying bacteria,and polyvinyl chloride was the most suitable attachment for ammonia nitrogen removal.In polyvinyl chloride material,the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was shown to be 87%,86%,86%,82%,88%,75%at the concentration of ammonia nitrogen of 10 mg/L,20 mg/L,30 mg/L,40 mg/L,50 mg/L and 60 mg/L,respectively.The ammonia nitrogen was effectively and rapidly degraded at the initial ammonia nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N)concentration of 50 mg/L.The strain P.oleovorans X14-1-1 had important application value in water quality regulation and water treatment in mariculture environment.

关 键 词：硝化细菌 生物脱氮 附着基 硝化效率 氨氮浓度 

分 类 号：S917.1[农业科学—水产科学]