2015—2020年飞行人员医学停飞疾病谱分析  

Disease spectrum of military aircrews from 2015 to 2020

作　　者：王星 王军 郑军 刘红巾 付兆君 崔丽 WANG Xing;WANG Jun;ZHENG Jun;LIU Hongjin;FU Zhaojun;CUI Li(Department of Medical Evaluation,Air Force Medical Center,Beijing 100142,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]空军特色医学中心医学鉴定科,北京100142 [2]空军特色医学中心睡眠医学科,北京100142

出　　处：《空军医学杂志》2021年第5期397-399,417,共4页Medical Journal of Air Force

基　　金：全军后勤科研重大项目(AKJ15J003)。

摘　　要：目的分析近5年军事飞行人员医学停飞疾病谱的构成和特点,总结降低飞行人员医学停飞率的相关工作经验。方法收集空军特色医学中心2015年1月—2020年3月医学停飞的204例飞行人员资料,按疾病种类、年龄分布、涉及专业科室、飞行机种及飞行职务分类统计,进行描述性分析。结果飞行人员医学停飞前20位的病症为头痛、高血压、颈椎病、腰椎间盘突出、抑郁障碍等。前10位专业科室是神经内科、骨科、心血管内科、耳鼻喉科、精神科等。患病年龄多集中在31~40岁(64.70%)。不同飞行职务中,飞行员占比最高(72.06%)。不同飞行机种中,运输机飞行人员占比最高(29.90%)。结论31~40岁飞行人员的健康维护是航卫保障工作的重点;骨科、神经内科、心血管内科和精神心理科疾病依然是医学停飞的最常见疾病;应从航空医学角度减少疾病的诱发因素,提高疾病的早期筛查率和诊疗水平,有效降低相关疾病的医学停飞率。Objective To analyze the characteristics of the disease spectrum of permanently grounded military aircrews in order to improve aviation medicine and reduce the medically permanently grounded rate.Methods The clinical data on 204 grounded aircrews between January 2015 and March 2020 was collected.Then the data was divided into different groups according to the types of disease,age distribution,departments concerned,types of aircraft and specialties.Results The top twenty diseases included headache,hypertension,cervical spondylopathy,lumbar disc herniation and depression disorder.The top ten departments involved were those of neurology,orthopedics,cardiology,otolaryngology and psychiatry.Most of the aircrews were between 31 and 40 years old(64.70%)and the pilots accounted for the highest proportion(72.06%).As for the types of aircraft,the proportion of pilots of transport aircraft was the highest(29.90%).Conclusion Most of the diseases prevalent among pilots are related to departments of orthopedics,neurology,cardiogy and psychiatry.In order to reduce the rate of medically permanently grounded pilots,it is critical to pay close attention to the health of pilots aged 31 to 40 while improving the screening rate and diagnosis level.

关 键 词：飞行人员 医学停飞 疾病谱 

分 类 号：R865[医药卫生—临床医学]