磁共振成像在急性胰腺炎诊疗路径中的应用进展  

The advances of MRI in the clinical pathway of acute pancreatitis

作　　者：肖然[1] 薛华丹[1] XIAO Ran;XUE Huadan(Department of Radiology,State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China)

机构地区：[1]北京协和医院,中国医学科学院北京协和医学院放射科,疑难重症及罕见病国家重点实验室(北京协和医院),北京100730

出　　处：《磁共振成像》2022年第1期164-166,共3页Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:81871512)。

摘　　要：急性胰腺炎是消化科常见急症,可伴局部及全身并发症,根据其临床表现和预后严重程度可分为轻症、中度重症及重症。近年我国急性胰腺炎发病率逐渐上升,且重症病死率较高。临床上常用于急性胰腺炎的影像学技术包括计算机断层扫描、超声及MRI。基于多重成像参数的特点,MRI拥有优越的软组织对比分辨率及胰胆管系统的良好评估能力。除形态学方面的研究外,MRI的更多序列(如弥散加权成像)以及分析技术(如组学)能够帮助发现急性胰腺炎中更多潜在的变化,并为其分类和预后提供影像学生物标记物。同时大量研究利用MRI技术对急性胰腺炎严重程度及预后相关的各种因素进行了探究。本文的目的是对MRI近年在急性胰腺炎中的应用进展进行综述。Acute pancreatitis is a common clinical acute abdomen with local and systematic complications.According to clinical manifestations and prognosis,the revised Atlanta classification defines three degrees of severity:mild acute pancreatitis,moderately severe acute pancreatitis,and severe acute pancreatitis.In recent years,incidence rate of acute pancreatitis increases gradually and mortality is relatively high in severe acute pancreatitis.Computed tomography,ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)are common radiological technologies in acute pancreatitis clinically.Owing to multiple imaging parameters,MRI has excellent soft tissue contrast resolution and good evaluation capability of biliary and pancreatic duct.Despite the application in morphology,advanced MR techniques such as diffusion-weighted imaging and radiomics,help uncover underlying changes of pancreas and imaging biomarkers for classification and prognosis.Numerous studies use MRI to explore various factors related to the severity and prognosis of acute pancreatitis.The purpose of this article is to review the application advances of MRI in acute pancreatitis in recent years.

关 键 词：急性胰腺炎 磁共振成像 诊断 局部并发症 严重程度 预后 

分 类 号：R445.2[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学] R576[医药卫生—诊断学]