中国粮食安全战略的理论逻辑、历史逻辑与实践逻辑  

Theoretical Logic,Historical Logic and Practical Logic of China's Food Security Strategy

作　　者：韩杨 HAN Yang

机构地区：[1]国务院发展研究中心农村经济研究部第四研究室

出　　处：《改革》2022年第1期43-56,共14页Reform

摘　　要：党的十八大以来,党中央把粮食安全作为治国理政的头等大事,提出了新时代中国的粮食安全战略,为立足新发展阶段保障国家粮食安全提供了重要依据。从理论逻辑出发,保障国家粮食安全,既要统筹协调好五对逻辑关系,又要从党的宗旨、社会主要矛盾、发展的目标任务和社会主义的本质要求四个维度来深刻认识。从历史逻辑出发,回顾了建党百年来保障国家粮食安全的实践探索、取得的重大成就和历史经验。从实践逻辑出发,在迈向2035年基本实现社会主义现代化的新征程中,保障国家粮食安全短期面临着粮食供需结构分化问题;中长期内部发展面临保产能稳增长的难点压力与粮农和粮食主产区的短板弱项,外部供给则面临着错综复杂的国际环境引致的不确定性和不稳定性。立足新发展阶段,站在新的历史起点,基于中国的国情、世情、农情、粮情,应筑牢国家粮食安全防线;把握好土地的长期稳定性和发展灵活性的平衡,使农业生产关系更适应农业生产力发展;促进耕地保护与质量建设和种业科技自立自强,共同赋能粮食产能;率先实现粮食主产区农业农村现代化,提高粮农收入,促进实现共同富裕;优化主产区、产销平衡区、主销区布局,共同扛起粮食安全“国之大者”政治责任;加大财政金融支农力度与风险监测,提高粮食产业风险保障水平;推动“有为政府”和“有效市场”相结合,完善粮食流通与储备体系;推进供给侧结构性改革,满足粮食更高品质消费需求;提高国际贸易与关键物流通道掌控力,共同维护世界粮食安全。Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC),the Party Central Committee has regarded food security as the top priority of governing the country,and put forward China's food security strategy in the new era,which provides a important basis for ensuring national food security based on the new development stage.Starting from the theoretical logic,to ensure national food security,we should not only coordinate the five pairs of logical relations,but also have a deep understanding from the four demensions of the CPC's purpose,the main social contradictions,the goals and tasks of development and the essential requirements of socialism.Starting from the historical logic,this paper reviews the practical exploration,major achievements and historical experience of ensuring national food security since the founding of the CPC.Starting from the practical logic,in the new journey towards basically realizing socialist modernization by 2035,ensuring national food security faces the problem of differentiation of supply and demand structure in the short term;the medium and long-term internal development faces the difficult pressure of ensuring stable growth of production capacity,the weaknesses of food and agriculture and the main grain producing areas,and the external supply faces the uncertainty and instability caused by the complex international environment.Based on the new development stage,standing at a new historical starting point,and based on China's national conditions,world conditions,agricultural conditions and grain conditions,we should build a strong national food security defense line;grasp the balance between the long-term stability of land and the flexibility of development,so as to make agricultural production relations more suitable for the development of agricultural productivity;strengthen the protection and quality construction of cultivated land and the scientific and technological self-reliance of seed industry to jointly enable grain production capacity;take the lead in realizing a

关 键 词：总体国家安全观 国家粮食安全战略 粮食安全保障体系 

分 类 号：F326.11[经济管理—产业经济]