玉米种质抗拟轮枝镰孢与禾谷镰孢穗腐病鉴定及抗性多样性分析  

Identification of Maize Germplasm Resistant to Fusarium Ear Rot and Gibberella Ear Rot and Genetic Diversity Analysis of Resistant Lines

作　　者：夏玉生 郭成[3] 温胜慧 孙素丽[1] 朱振东[1] 段灿星[1,2] XIA Yu-sheng;GUO Cheng;WEN Sheng-hui;SUN Su-li;ZHU Zhen-dong;DUAN Can-xing(Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement,Beijing 100081;National Research Institute of Breeding in Hainan,CAAS,Sanya 572024;Institute of Plant Protection,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070;Maize Research Institute,Shanxi Agricultural University,Xinzhou 034000)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农作物基因资源与基因改良国家重大科学工程,北京100081 [2]三亚中国农业科学院南繁研究院,三亚572024 [3]甘肃省农业科学院植物保护研究所,兰州730070 [4]山西农业大学玉米研究所,忻州034000

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2022年第1期61-71,共11页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：三亚崖州湾科技城管理局2020年度科技计划项目(SKJC-2020-02-001);中国农业科学院农业科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2017-ICS)。

摘　　要：穗腐病是玉米生产上最重要的病害之一,严重影响其产量和品质,威胁人畜健康。选育和利用优良的抗穗腐病品种,是防治玉米穗腐病最为经济有效的措施。利用花丝通道注射法,在北京昌平和海南三亚2个试验点,对346份玉米自交系进行了抗拟轮枝镰孢与禾谷镰孢穗腐病的鉴定与评价。综合分析2个试验点的抗性鉴定数据表明,对拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病表现高抗、抗病、中抗、感病和高感的材料分别为1、43、106、147和49份,占总鉴定材料的0.3%、12.4%、30.6%、42.5%和14.2%;对禾谷镰孢穗腐病表现高抗、抗病、中抗、感病和高感的材料分别为10、32、55、79和170份,占比分别为2.9%、9.3%、15.9%、22.8%和49.1%。对2种镰孢穗腐病同时表现中抗以上水平的种质共45份,其中1份(15-TL-1224)高抗2种穗腐病、2份(PT351-1、18-QTL-25)对禾谷镰孢和拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病表现高抗和抗病,18-QTL-04、18-YJY-18、18-YJY-02、18-HDY-14种质同时表现抗病,是难得的抗穗腐病资源。对上述45份抗病种质和144份感病材料进行的2种穗腐病抗性相关性分析表明,45份抗病种质对2种穗腐病的抗性相关系数为0.24,144份感病材料对2种穗腐病抗性的相关性系数为-0.16。40对多态性SSR引物对其中41份抗性材料中扩增出183个等位基因,多态性位点百分率为100.00%,平均等位基因数和有效等位基因数分别为3.7556、7.6923,平均Nei′s基因多样性、Shannon′s信息指数分别为0.6596、1.4458,平均多态信息含量为0.326,变幅为0.0513~1.0000。通过UPGMA聚类分析,41份抗病材料被划分为7个类群,分别是美国现代杂交种中B群种质(PB)、兰卡斯特(Lan)、未知类群、美国现代杂交种中A群种质(PA)、旅大红骨(LRC)、衣阿华坚秆综合种(BSSS)和塘四平头(TSPT),表现出较高的遗传多样性,其中PA类群和PB类群包含的抗病种质最多。研究结果将为玉米穗腐病抗病育种中抗源的选择和利�Ear rot is one of the most devastating diseases in maize production in China,which seriously affects the yield and quality of maize and threatens the health of humans and animals.Breeding and using excellent ear rot resistant varieties is the most economical and effective measure to prevent and control maize ear rot.Using silk channel inoculation,346 maize inbred lines were identified and evaluated for resistance to Fusarium ear rot(FER)and Gibberella ear rot(GER)(caused by Fusarium verticillioides and F.graminearum,respectively)at two sites in Changping,Beijing and Sanya,Hainan.A comprehensive analysis of the data from the two sites showed that there were 1,43,106,147 and 49 accessions exhibiting high resistance(HR),resistance(R),moderate resistance(MR),susceptibility(S),and high susceptibility(HS)to FER,accounting for 0.3%,12.4%,30.6%,42.5%,and 14.2%of the total 346 materials,respectively,and there were 10,32,55,79,and 170 accessions exhibiting HR,R,MR,S,and HS to GER,accounting for 2.9%,9.3%,15.9%,22.8%,and 49.1%of the total 346 materials,respectively.Forty-five maize inbred lines exhibited HR,R,or MR to both FER and GER.Among them,line 15-TL-1224 exhibited HR to both FER and GER,PT351-1 and 18-QTL-25 exhibited HR to GER and R to FER,and lines 18-QTL-04,18-YJY-18,18-YJY-02,and 18-HDY-14 exhibited R to both FER and GER,which were all precious resources resistant to ear rot.The correlation analysis of FER and GER resistance among the above 45 resistant accessions and 144 susceptible germplasms was conducted.The correlation coefficient between FER and GER resistance among the 45 resistant accessions was 0.24,while that among the 144 susceptible germplasms was-0.16.Using 40 pairs of polymorphic SSR primers,183 alleles(Na)were amplified in 41 resistant lines,with polymorphic site percentage(PPB)of 100.00%.The average number of alleles(Na),effective allele number(Ne),Nei′s gene diversity(H),and Shannon′s information index(I)were 3.7556,7.6923,0.6596,and 1.4458,respectively.The average polymorphic information con

关 键 词：玉米种质 拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病 禾谷镰孢穗腐病 抗性鉴定 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S435.131.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]