不同海拔来源云南地方稻种资源各生育时期耐冷性鉴定评价  

Evaluation of Rice Landraces from Different Altitudes in Yunnan for Cold Tolerance at Different Growing Stages

作　　者：王翠利 崔迪[1] 汤翠凤[2] 马小定[1] 韩冰[1] 曹桂兰[1] 韩龙植[1] WANG Cui-li;CUI Di;TANG Cui-feng;MA Xiao-ding;HAN Bing;CAO Gui-lan;HAN Long-zhi(Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081;Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650223)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081 [2]云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所,昆明650223

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2022年第1期83-91,共9页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFD0100101);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目;国家农作物种质资源保护项目(2019NWB036-01,2019NWB036-12-2);国家作物种质资源库(NCGRC-2020);三亚崖州湾科技城科研项目(SKJC-2020-02-001)。

摘　　要：本研究以不同海拔生态区来源的307份云南地方稻种资源为试验材料,进行了水稻发芽期、芽期、苗期、孕穗开花期等4个生育时期耐冷性的鉴定评价。鉴定结果表明,云南地方稻种的各生育时期耐冷性分级与其分布的生态区海拔高度均呈显著或极显著的负相关,即云南地方稻种的耐冷性与其来源生态区的海拔高度密切相关,分布在高海拔生态区的地方稻种各生育时期的耐冷性明显强于分布在低海拔生态区的地方稻种。各生育时期耐冷性间均表现显著或极显著的正相关,说明各生育时期耐冷性相互可作为耐冷性评价的间接指标。通过4个生育时期耐冷性的鉴定评价,筛选出发芽期和苗期耐冷性均达1级的冷水谷、茨中黄谷、接骨糯、陇川糯等极强耐冷地方稻种20份;筛选出发芽期和孕穗开花期耐冷性均达1级的小黑谷、齐头谷、云南谷等极强耐冷地方稻种9份;筛选出苗期和孕穗开花期耐冷性均达1级的八月糯、烂地谷、傲冷农等极强耐冷地方稻种18份;筛选出发芽期、苗期、孕穗开花期3个时期耐冷性均达1级的极强耐冷资源矮脚细。这些耐冷性极强的优异种质在针对多个生育时期耐冷性的育种改良和新基因发掘中具有重要利用价值,应在今后育种和新基因发掘研究中加以利用。In this study,307 accessions of rice(Oryza sativa L.)landraces from different altitude ecological regions in Yunnan Province were used as experimental materials to evaluate the cold tolerance in four growth stages,including the germination stage,the budburst stage,the seedling stage,the booting and flowering stage.The results showed that the cold tolerance grade in different growth stages for Yunnan rice landraces was significantly or extremely significantly negatively correlated with the altitude of the ecological region where they were distributed.In other words,the cold tolerance of Yunnan rice landraces was closely related to the altitude of the ecological region from where they were derived.The cold tolerance in different growth stages for rice landraces distributed in high-altitude ecological regions was significantly stronger than that of rice landraces distributed in low-altitude ecological regions.There was a significant or extremely significant positive correlation among the degrees of cold tolerance in different growth stages,indicating that cold tolerance in each growth stage can be used as indirect indicators for cold tolerance evaluation.Through the identification and evaluation of cold tolerance in four growth stages were screened out 20 landraces(including Lengshuigu,Cizhonghuanggu,Jiegunuo,Longchuannuo,etc.)with grade 1 cold tolerance in germination stage and seedling stage,9 landraces(including Xiaoheigu,Qitougu,Yunnangu etc.)with grade 1 cold tolerance in germination stage and booting and flowering stage,18 landraces(including Bayuenuo,Landigu,Aolenggu etc.)with grade 1 cold tolerance in seedling stage and booting and flowering stage,and the landrace Aijiaoxi with grade 1 cold tolerance in germination stage,seedling stage,and booting and flowering stage.These excellent germplasms with very strong cold tolerance are of great value and could be used for breeding improvement and new gene discovery for cold tolerance in multiple growth periods.

关 键 词：云南地方稻种 不同生育时期 耐冷性 海拔 相关性 耐冷种质 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]