多粒小麦种质普冰10696的幼穗发育特性分析  

Analysis of Developmental Characteristics of Immature Spikes in Elite Multi-grain Wheat Germplasm Pubing10696

作　　者：郑永胜[1] 王丽媛 王晖 张晗[1] 王穆穆 王东建[1] 刘伟华[2] 李汝玉[1] 李立会[2] ZHENG Yong-sheng;WANG Li-yuan;WANG Hui;ZHANG Han;WANG Mu-mu;WANG Dong-jian;LIU Wei-hua;LI Ru-yu;LI Li-hui(Crop Research Institute,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100;Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院作物研究所,济南250100 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2022年第1期139-146,共8页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31301311)。

摘　　要：小麦-冰草远缘杂交后代品系普冰10696具有多粒的遗传特性。为深入了解其多粒性状形成的发育进程,本研究以多粒品系普冰10696和黄淮冬麦区主推品种为供试材料,通过解剖学和统计学方法比较小花分化、退化和结实的动态进程差异,进一步解析冰草多花多粒的特性,为多粒基因型材料在育种中的应用提供理论参考。农艺性状比较结果显示,普冰10696的多粒特性来自小穗粒数的提高,并且未降低千粒重。幼穗发育特性分析表明,普冰10696的幼穗分化具有启动早和持续时间长的发育特性;普冰10696的小花发育具有分化速率快、退化慢的特性,能够进入四分体期并最终结实的小花明显增多。普冰10696的幼穗和小花发育特性是决定普冰10696多粒的基础。The multi-grain wheat line Pubing 10696 is an offspring of common wheat cultivar that was originally crossing with a wild relative species Agropyron cristatum(L.)Gaertn showing multi-grain characteristics.To disclose the theoretical principle for wheat breeding,this elite genetic germplasm resource together with several popular wheat varieties in the Huang-huai winter wheat region were used to decipher the developmental process of young spike/spikelet.The dynamics of floret differentiation,degeneration and seed formation were analyzed by anatomy and statistical methods.The analysis of variance(ANOVA)showed that the multi-grain characteristic of Pubing 10696 was contributed due to the increase of grain/spikelet number per spike.Interestingly,the increase of the grain number per spike did not underestimate the 1000-grain-weight.The observation of immature spike development revealed that,if compared with other wheat varieties,Pubing 10696 exhibited earlier initiation and lasting duration in the panicle differentiation.The faster differentiation and slower degeneration in the floret developmental process was further detected in Pubing10696,thus leading to the significantly increase of florets that succeeded in the tetrad stage.Altogether,the developmental characteristics of the immature spikes and florets is the factor resulting in the multi-floret and multi-grain in Pubing10696.

关 键 词：普通小麦 穗发育 穗粒数 小花分化 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]