矿业用地治理的思路变革与制度完善--兼评《矿产资源法(修订草案)》(征求意见稿)  

Thinking Path Reform and Institutional Improvement in Mining Land Use Governance:Comment on Mineral Resources Law(Amendment Draft)(Draft for Soliciting Opinions)

作　　者：曹宇[1] 刘冲 CAO Yu;LIU Chong(School of Law,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010021,China;School of Law,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学法学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010021 [2]清华大学法学院,北京100084

出　　处：《中国土地科学》2021年第12期29-35,共7页China Land Science

基　　金：自然资源部不动产登记中心项目“矿产资源法立法重点问题研究”(2020-FL-07)。

摘　　要：研究目的:构建科学、合理的矿业用地制度,以解决矿产资源开发与矿业用地供给之间的矛盾。研究方法:规范分析法、文献分析法。研究结果:(1)政府应承担矿业用地供应保障义务,在矿业用地供给不能时承担兜底性的担保责任;(2)“重要矿产资源”开采可以作为公益征收的正当理由,但是否实施征收仍需在个案中研判;(3)集体经营性建设用地入市意味着市场交易成为取得矿业用地的一种方式,但市场的有效运行仍需要政府积极介入;(4)探矿权与采矿权的用地需求不同,应分别构建相应的矿业用地供给体系。研究结论:对《矿产资源法》的修订,应注重细化政府矿业用地供应保障义务,完善并协调好矿业用地供应的市场机制和征收机制。The research purpose of this study is to construct a scientific and reasonable institution of mining land use to solve the contradiction between the exploitation of mineral resources and the supply of mining land.The research methods include normative analysis and literature review.The research results show that:1)government should take the obligation of guaranteeing the mining land supply and the bottom-line liability when the demand for mining land cannot be met.2)The exploitation of important mineral resources can be used as a legitimate reason for public welfare expropriation,however,whether the expropriation should be carried out still needs to be judged in specific cases.3)The liberalizing collectively-owned construction land transfers means that market transactions have become a way to obtain land for mining industry,but the effective operation of the market still needs the active intervention of the government.4)The land demand of exploration right is different from that of mining right,so the corresponding land supply system should be constructed.In conclusion,in the amendment of Mineral Resources Law,the government’s obligation of guaranteeing the mining land supply should be specified,and the market mechanism and expropriation mechanism for the mining land supply should be improved and coordinated.

关 键 词：土地法学 矿业用地 《矿产资源法》 探矿权 采矿权 

分 类 号：D922.3[政治法律—法学]