硫代硫酸钠硫化废酸中铜离子反应行为的研究  

Study on the Reaction Behavior of Sodium Thiosulfate and Copper Ion in Waste Acid

作　　者：王星凯 李一兵[1] 张忠林[1] 乔冉冉 李瑜[1] 刘世斌[1] WANG Xingkai;LI Yibing;ZHANG Zhonglin;QIAO Ranran;LI Yu;LIU Shibin(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学化学化工学院,太原030024

出　　处：《太原理工大学学报》2022年第1期27-35,共9页Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology

基　　金：山西省应用基础研究计划青年科技研究基金(201901D2110642);山西省科技重大专项项目(20181102005)。

摘　　要：铜冶炼烟气制酸系统废酸中的Cu等元素具有较高的提取价值。针对S_(2)O^(2-)_(3)沉淀Cu^(2+)反应过程,通过实验、热力学计算、产物表征,比较系统地考察分析Cu^(2+)沉淀反应途径。实验测定硫化体系中主反应与副反应的动力学参数以明确影响反应速率的因素及其规律。实验结果表明:S_(2)O^(2-)_(3)与Cu^(2+)二者直接参与反应生成CuS,且在反应过程中伴有S_(2)O^(2-)_(3)与H^(+)的歧化副反应。S_(2)O^(2-)_(3)+Cu^(2+)的反应级数高于S_(2)O^(2-)_(3)+H^(+)的反应级数,且前者的反应活化能大于后者的反应活化能,故增加硫化剂的浓度、升高反应温度均可明显提高主反应的选择性。在反应温度为80℃、S_(2)O^(2-)_(3)摩尔数与Cu^(2+)摩尔数比为2∶1、反应时间为120 min的条件下,Cu^(2+)的去除率达到了99.45%.Cu and other elements in waste acid from copper smelting flue gas sulphuric acid system have high extraction value.In this paper aiming at the precipitation reaction process of Cu^(2+)with S_(2)O^(2-)_(3),through experiments,thermodynamic calculation,and product characterization,the precipitation reaction way of Cu^(2+)was systematically investigated and analyzed.The kinetic parameters of the main reaction and the side reaction in the vulcanization system were determined experimentally to clarify the law of factors which affect the reaction rate.The experimental results show that:S_(2)O^(2-)_(3) and Cu^(2+)directly participate in the reaction to produce CuS,and the reaction process is accompanied by the disproportionation side reaction of S_(2)O^(2-)_(3) and H^(+).The reaction order of S_(2)O^(2-)_(3)+Cu^(2+)is higher than that of S_(2)O^(2-)_(3)+H^(+),and the reaction activation energy of the former is greater than that of the latter.Therefore,increasing the concentration of the vulcanizing agent and increasing the reaction temperature can significantly increase the main reaction selectivity.When the reaction temperature is 80℃,the molar ratio of S_(2)O^(2-)_(3) to Cu^(2+)is 2∶1,and the reaction time is 120 min,the removal rate of Cu^(2+)reaches 99.45%.

关 键 词：废酸 铜离子 硫代硫酸钠 硫化反应 反应途径 

分 类 号：TQ013.1[化学工程] TQ013.2