煤矿综采工作面活性磁化水喷雾降尘技术体系与应用  

Dust removal system and application of the surfactant-magnetized water spray in the fully mechanized mining face of coal mines

作　　者：秦波涛[1] 周刚[2] 周群[1] 朱同功 李广涛[3] 侯晋 孙彪[2] QIN Botao;ZHOU Gang;ZHOU Qun;ZHU Tonggong;LI Guangtao;HOU Jin;SUN Biao(School of Safety Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;College of Safety and Environmental Engineering,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266510,China;No.10 Mine,Pingdingshan Tianan Coal Company Limited,Pingdingshan 467013,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学安全工程学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]山东科技大学安全与环境工程学院,山东青岛266510 [3]平顶山天安煤业股份有限公司十矿,河南平顶山467013

出　　处：《煤炭学报》2021年第12期3891-3901,共11页Journal of China Coal Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51774273,52004275);国家杰出青年科学基金资助项目(51825402)。

摘　　要：为高效防治煤矿井下综采工作面粉尘,针对现有水喷雾湿润凝并粉尘性能差、不能有效覆盖主要产尘源的问题,基于所研制的强湿润性活性磁化水与新型喷雾装备,提出了综采工作面活性磁化水雾化封闭尘源降尘技术体系,构建了主要由活性剂定量添加系统、磁化装置、水动力湿式除尘器、负压卷吸除尘器等组成的综采工作面高效降尘工艺系统。论述了活性磁化水降尘技术体系的内涵及技术特点,同时从活性添加剂及其定量供给系统、高效磁化装置等方面研究了强湿润活性磁化水的高效制备技术,研发了能与磁化协同作用高效改善溶液湿润性能的新型活性添加剂,结果表明所制备的活性剂溶液在质量分数为0.03%时,以4 m/s的速度穿过磁场强度为300~350 mT的脉动与螺旋扰流耦合磁场,产生的活性磁化水具有良好的湿润性能,与质量分数为0.03%的活性剂溶液相比,粉尘沉降时间减少了44.26%,降至34.5 s;此外,针对综采工作面采煤机、移架及转载点3个主要产尘源,研究了新型喷雾装备雾化降尘技术,分别形成了水动力除尘器与内外喷雾装置联动降尘方法、负压卷吸喷雾降尘方法、防尘罩与负压卷吸喷雾联动降尘方法,并对其技术原理、应用工艺等进行了阐述。通过在平煤股份十矿24130智能综采工作面现场工程应用表明:该技术体系能大幅减少井下综采工作面粉尘质量浓度,其呼尘及全尘降尘效率分别达到85.3%,90.8%,显著改善了井下人员工作环境,同时有效提升了智能工作面监控视频清晰度,保障了地面人员对智能化设备的正常调控。In order to effectively prevent and control coal dust produced in fully mechanized working faces and tackle the problems with current sprays such as the poor performance in wetting and coagulating coal dust and the bad coverage of the spray field for main dust sources, a dust reduction technology system based on the surfactant-magnetized water with strong wettability and new spray equipment for fully mechanized mining faces was proposed to effectively seal up the main dust sources. A high efficiency dust removal process system was constructed including the surfactant addition system, magnetization device, hydrodynamic wet dust collector and negative pressure coil dust collector, etc. The connotation and technical characteristics of the dust reduction technology based on the surfactant-magnetized water were discussed. From the perspective of the surfactant and its ration supply system, a magnetic device, the efficient preparation of the surfactant-magnetized water were investigated. A new surfactant having the well synergistic action with magnetization was developed which could effectively improve the wetting characteristics of the aqueous solution. The results showed that the new surfactant obtained by the combination between alkyl anionic active agents and fatty acid nonionic active agents can produce a good synergistic effect with magnetization. When the surfactant-magnetized water was produced by the solution containing 0.03% surfactant passing through the coupling magnetization of pulsation cutting and spiral turbulence with a magnetic field strength of 300-350 mT at a speed of 4 m/s, its wettability was good, of which the dust deposition time was reduced by 44.26%,to 34.5 s, compared with the original 0.03% surfactant solution. Aiming at three dust sources of the intelligent fully mechanized working faces such as coal shearer, moving supports and transfer point, the spray atomization systems were constructed respectively, i.e. the combined method of hydrodynamic dust remover and internal and external spray,

关 键 词：综采工作面 活性磁化水 雾化封闭 产尘源 粉尘防治 

分 类 号：TD714.4[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]