老年突发性聋患者就诊时间差异及个人与家庭层面影响因素分析  

Analysis of treatment timing differences and its influencing factors at individual and family levels in elderly patients with sudden deafness

作　　者：刘爱梅[1] 王慧娟 刘涛 周丽媛 周晓琴 LIU Ai-mei;WANG Hui-juan;LIU Tao;ZHOU Li-yuan;ZHOU Xiao-qin(Department of Nursing,Fenyang College of Shanxi Medical University,Fenyang,Shanxi 032200,China)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学汾阳学院,汾阳032200 [2]山西医科大学第一医院 [3]山西省汾阳医院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2022年第1期115-120,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：山西省教育厅大学生创新创业资助项目(2020788);山西医科大学汾阳学院科技资助项目(2020C02)。

摘　　要：目的比较老年突聋患者就诊时间的差异状况,分析延迟就诊影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法对2019年6月至2021年6月山西省8所三甲医院≥60周岁的464例突聋患者进行问卷,分析来院就诊时间≤3 d、4~7 d、8~14 d、>14 d患者的数据情况。结果来院就诊时间≤3 d、4~7 d、8~14 d、>14 d的患者比例分别为41.16%、26.72%、23.28%、8.84%;延迟就诊发生率为32.12%,超过14 d就诊发生率为8.84%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,老年突聋患者延迟就医危险因素标化关联强度由大到小为:子女几乎不探访询问、无医保、不了解突聋相关知识、空巢、家庭人均月收入<2000元、发病后无意识到是突聋、年龄≥80岁、子女偶尔探访、无配偶、无子女、年龄70~79岁、留守、人均月收入2000~4000元。无社会隔离状态是老年突聋患者就诊延迟的保护险因素。结论老年突聋患者发病7 d和14 d后就诊率仍高,延迟就诊现像值得重视,医护和全社会应针对影响因素给予干预,达到早发现、早治疗,改善其预后。Objective To compare the difference of treatment timing of elderly patients with sudden deafness and to analyze the influencing factors of delayed treatment.Methods 464 patients with sudden deafness aged≥60 years in 8 third class hospitals in Shanxi Province from June 2019 to June 2021 were investigated by convenience sampling method.The data of treatment timing≤3 d,4 d-7 d,8 d-14 d and>14 d were analyzed.Results There were 41.16%,26.72%,23.28%and 8.84%patients in the four groups(≤3 d,4 d-7 d,8 d-14 d,>14 d).The incidence of delayed visit was 32.12%,and the incidence of visit over 14 days was 8.84%.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of delayed treatment in elderly patients with sudden deafness from large to small were:children almost did not visit and inquire,no medical insurance,did not understand the relevant knowledge of sudden deafness,empty nest,family per capita monthly income<2000 yuan,unconscious sudden deafness after onset,age≥80 years old,occasional visits by children,no spouse,no children,aged 70-79,left behind and with a per capita monthly income of 2000-4000 yuan.The absence of social isolation was a protective factor for the delay of treatment in elderly patients with sudden deafness.Conclusion The treatment rate of elderly patients with sudden deafness is still high 7 and 14 days after the onset.Medical care and the whole society should intervene according to the influencing factors,so as to achieve early detection,early treatment and improve the prognosis.

关 键 词：老年人 突聋 延迟就诊 影响因素 

分 类 号：R161.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R764.437