玉米割台摘穗装置的设计与仿真  

Design and Simulation of Corn Header Ear Picking Device

作　　者：张开兴[1,3] 陈鹤 王一琨 张军 许方鹏 赵秀艳 ZHANG Kai-xing;CHEN He;WANG Yi-kun;ZHANG Jun;XU Fang-peng;ZHAO Xiu-yan(College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering/Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an 271018,China;College of Information Science and Engineering/Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an 271018,China;Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment Intelligence,Tai'an 271018,China;Panran Measurement&Calibration Technology Co.Ltd.,Tai'an 271000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学机械与电子工程学院,山东泰安271018 [2]山东农业大学信息科学与工程学院,山东泰安271018 [3]山东省农业装备智能化工程实验室,山东泰安271018 [4]泰安磐然测控科技有限公司,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《山东农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第6期1042-1048,共7页Journal of Shandong Agricultural University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目(SD2019NJ011);山东省重点研发计划项目(2019GNC106120)。

摘　　要：针对我国常用的纵卧式玉米摘穗装置,果穗啃伤率、籽粒损失率较高的问题,本文设计了一种高效低损的板式玉米摘穗装置。首先,通过理论分析计算得到拉茎辊直径、长度、摘穗板尺寸等关键参数的设计范围;其次,结合玉米植株的物理参数,确定了拉茎辊、摘穗板的外形尺寸,并建立了三维模型;最后,对摘穗装置的工作过程进行了仿真分析,以拉茎辊转速、机器的前进速度以及摘穗装置的倾角三个因素为试验因素,进行虚拟正交试验,得到了摘穗装置较优的收获参数组合为拉茎辊转速750 r/min,机器前进速度5 km/h,摘穗装置倾角为25°。In order to solve the problems of high ear gnawing rate and grain loss rate of the vertical and horizontal corn ear picking device commonly used in China, a plate corn ear picking device with high efficiency and low loss was designed.Firstly, through theoretical analysis and calculation, the design range of key parameters such as the diameter, length of the stem pulling roller and the size of the ear picking plate was obtained;Secondly, combined with the physical parameters of corn plant, the external dimensions of stalk pulling roller and ear picking board were determined, and the three-dimensional model was established;Finally, the working process of the ear picking device was simulated and analyzed. The virtual orthogonal experiment was carried out with three factors as the experimental factors: the speed of the stem pulling roller, the forward speed of the machine and the inclination angle of the ear picking device. The optimal harvest parameters of the ear picking device were obtained as follows: the speed of the stem pulling roller was 750 r/min, the forward speed of the machine was 5 km/h, and the inclination angle of the ear picking device was 25 degrees.

关 键 词：玉米收获机 摘穗装置 仿真分析 

分 类 号：S225.51[农业科学—农业机械化工程]