异色瓢虫对豌豆蚜的捕食效应  

Predatory Response of Harmonia axyridis to Acyrthosiphon pisum

作　　者：崔亚琴 王拓 高洁 CUI Yaqin;WANG Tuo;GAO Jie(Shanxi Academy of Forestry and Grassland Sciences,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030012,China;Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Shanxi Forestry and Grassland Technology Promotion Station(Pest Control and Quarantine Station),Taiyuan,Shanxi 030002,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省林业和草原科学研究院,山西太原030012 [2]中国科学院空天信息创新研究院,北京100101 [3]山西省林业和草原技术推广总站(有害生物防治检疫总站),山西太原030002

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2022年第1期130-134,共5页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省青年科技研究基金项目(201901D211555)。

摘　　要：为有效释放异色瓢虫防控豌豆蚜,调查异色瓢虫各龄期幼虫和成虫对不同密度豌豆蚜的捕食量及捕食效应。结果表明,异色瓢虫各龄期幼虫(Ⅰ龄~Ⅳ龄)、雄虫和雌虫的理论最大日捕食量分别为12.88、46.66、85.88、160.04、198.20、204.75头;捕食功能参数a/Th最大的为雌虫,可达206.75,其次是雄虫和Ⅳ龄幼虫,分别为196.18和143.79,雌虫对豌豆蚜的控制能力最强,其次是雄虫和Ⅳ龄幼虫,Ⅳ龄幼虫的捕食能力强于其他低龄幼虫;随豌豆蚜密度的增加,异色瓢虫各龄幼虫和成虫的捕食量也不断增大,当豌豆蚜超过一定密度后,其捕食量增加缓慢并逐渐趋于稳定。异色瓢虫各龄期幼虫和成虫对豌豆蚜的捕食功能反应均符合HollingⅡ模型,圆盘方程的理论值与实测值拟合较好。随豌豆蚜密度的增加,异色瓢虫各龄期幼虫和成虫对豌豆蚜的寻找效应随之降低。异色瓢虫成虫对豌豆蚜的控害效果较好,可作为生物防治技术应用于田间防控。To effectively release Harmonia axyridis, prevent and control the damage of Acyrthosiphon pisum to plants, the predatory capacity and the predation response of Harmonia axyridis larvae of each instar and adults to Acyrthosiphon pisum of different densities were investigated. The results indicated that the theoretical maximum daily predatory capacity of Harmonia axyridis larvae of each instar(Ⅰ – Ⅳ)and male/female adults were 12.88, 46.66, 85.88, 160.04, 198.20 and 204.75, respectively. The predation function parameter(a/Th)of female adults was the maximum, reaching 206.75, followed by male adults and Ⅳ instar larvae, reaching196.18 and 143.79, respectively. Female adults had the strongest ability to control Acyrthosiphon pisum, followed by male adults andⅣ instar larvae. The predation ability of Ⅳ instar larvae was stronger than that of other young larvae. The predatory capacity of larvae of each instar and adults increased with the increase of Acyrthosiphon pisum density, but it increased more slowly and got stabilized when the Acyrthosiphon pisum density exceeded a certain range. The predation functional response of Harmonia axyridis larvae of each instar and adults to the Acyrthosiphon pisum all conformed to the Holling Ⅱ model. It was shown that the theoretical value calculated by the fitted Holling disc equation fitted well with the observed value. The searching efficiency of Harmonia axyridis larvae of each instar and adults on Acyrthosiphon pisum decreased with the increase of aphid density. In conclusion, adult Harmonia axyridis has a better pest control effect on Acyrthosiphon pisum, which can be applied to field control as a biological control technology.

关 键 词：异色瓢虫 豌豆蚜 捕食功能 寻找效应 

分 类 号：S435.24[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]