一种基于电磁弹簧的智能减振器设计与研究  

Intelligent vibration absorber based on electromagnetic spring

作　　者：卫洪涛[1] 宋雪柯 王振宁 李亚鹏 马竞[1] 王鹏 WEI Hong-tao;SONG Xue-ke;WANG Zhen-ning;LI Ya-peng;MA Jing;WANG Peng(School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;College of Intelligent Manufacturing and Control Engineering,Shanghai Second University of Technology,Shanghai 200120,China;College of Automotive Engineering,Jilin University,Changchun 130025,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学力学与安全工程学院,河南郑州450001 [2]郑州大学机械与动力工程学院,河南郑州450001 [3]上海第二工业大学智能制造与控制工程学院,上海200120 [4]吉林大学汽车工程学院,吉林长春130025

出　　处：《机电工程》2022年第1期32-39,共8页Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering

基　　金：河南省高等学校重点科研计划项目(21A130003)。

摘　　要：针对现有参数可调式减振器结构的不足之处,设计了一种基于电磁弹簧的智能减振器,该减振器采用动力吸振器原理,可通过自主调节自身频率以适应多种工况。首先,设计了一种新型的电磁弹簧结构,通过仿真优化了电磁弹簧的结构,确定了电磁弹簧模型;然后,基于该电磁弹簧模型,设计了一种刚度可调的智能减振器装置,并对该智能减振器装置的减振性能进行了建模分析,讨论了附加刚度与电流之间的关系;最后,通过搭建测振系统平台,对智能减振器的减振性进行了实验测试,并将其结果与仿真结果进行了对比,分析了误差产生的原因。研究结果表明:在0~5 A的电流条件下,智能减振器的频率可调范围在14 Hz左右,具备宽频最优指标减振功能;在平衡位置附近,电磁弹簧的刚度线性化程度较好,线圈中电流与附加刚度呈近似线性关系;智能减振器仿真与实验数据具有较好的一致性;与普通减振器相比,在较宽的频域内,该智能减振装置均有良好的减振效果。Aiming at the shortcomings of the existing adjustable shock absorber structure,an intelligent shock absorber based on electromagnetic spring was designed.The principle of dynamic absorber was used to adjust its own frequency to adapt to various working conditions.Firstly,a new type of electromagnetic spring structure was designed.The structure of the electromagnetic spring was optimized through simulation,and the electromagnetic spring model was determined.Then,an intelligent shock absorber device with adjustable stiffness was designed based on the electromagnetic spring model,and the vibration damping performance of the intelligent shock absorber device was modeled and analyzed.The relationship between additional stiffness and current was discussed.Finally,by building a vibration measurement system platform,the vibration damping performance of the smart shock absorber was tested experimentally,the results were compared with the simulation results,and the causes of the error were analyzed.The research results show that under the current condition of 0—5 A,the frequency adjustable range of the intelligent shock absorber is about 14 Hz,and it has the damping function of the broadband optimal index.The stiffness linearization degree of electromagnetic spring is good near the equilibrium position.The current in the coil is approximately linear with the additional stiffness.The simulation and experimental data of intelligent shock absorber have good consistency.Comparing with the ordinary damper,the intelligent shock absorber has good damping effect in a wide frequency domain.

关 键 词：电磁弹簧 智能减振器 刚度可调 附加刚度 

分 类 号：TH135[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] O328[理学—一般力学与力学基础]