水稻镉吸收与转运机理的研究进展  

Research Progresses on Mechanism of Cadmium Absorption and Transport in Rice

作　　者：罗秋红 吴俊[2] 柏斌[2] 姚栋萍 廖聪 邓启云[1,2] 肖应辉[1] LUO Qiuhong;WU Jun;BAI Bin;YAO Dongping;LIAO Cong;DENG Qiyun;XIAO Yinghui(College of Agriculture,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice,Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center,Changsha 410125,China;Hunan Meixinlong Ecological Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410125,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128 [2]杂交水稻国家重点实验室,湖南杂交水稻研究中心,长沙410125 [3]湖南美鑫隆生态环保科技有限公司,长沙410125

出　　处：《土壤》2021年第6期1142-1151,共10页Soils

基　　金：湖南省科技人才托举工程项目(2019TJ-N03)资助。

摘　　要：长期食用高含镉(Cd)的大米会严重危害人体健康,引起一系列的疾病,因此控制稻米Cd含量对粮食安全具有重要意义。本文从根部Cd吸收、根向茎叶的转运和茎叶向籽粒转运3个角度系统总结,从生理角度综述了这3个重要过程涉及的生理机制,从分子生物学角度总结了相关基因的分子调控机制,归纳并讨论了一些存在争议的问题。深度探讨了调控吸收、转运和籽粒积累这3个过程来降低稻米Cd含量的有效措施,分析其原理及实用价值。提出了选育Cd低积累品种为最根本最有力的Cd污染治理措施,为明确水稻Cd污染治理方向提供重要的参考。Long-term consumption of cadmium(Cd)rice will cause a series of diseases and adversely affect the human health system.It is of great significance to ensure a safe Cd content in rice for food security.In this article,three Cd accumulation processes were systematically summarized:absorption of Cd by the rice roots,the transport from the roots to the shoots and to the grains.The physiological mechanisms involved in these three important processes were reviewed from the physiological perspective and the molecular regulatory mechanisms of related genes were summarized from the perspective of molecular biology.Some controversial issues were summarized and discussed.The effective measures to reduce Cd content in rice grain by regulating absorption,transport and grain accumulation were discussed,the principle and practical of these measures were analyzed.This paper proposed that breeding rice varieties with low accumulation of Cd is the most fundamental and effective measure to control Cd pollution,and provided an important reference for determining the direction of Cd pollution control in rice.

关 键 词：水稻 镉 吸收 转运 积累 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]