重庆市石柱县烟田土壤肥力演变与施肥区划  

Evolution and Fertilization Zoning of Tobacco-growing Soil Fertility of Shizhu County,Chongqing City

作　　者：陈洁菲 查宇璇 杨超 陈天才 徐宸 刘忠 周鑫斌[1] CHEN Jiefei;ZHA Yuxuan;YANG Chao;CHEN Tiancai;XU Chen;LIU Zhong;ZHOU Xinbin(School of Resources and Environment,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Tobacco Scientific ResearchInstitute of Chongqing Corporation,Chinese Tobacco Corporation,Chongqing 400715,China;Fengjie Branch of ChongqingTobacco Company,Fengjie,Chongqing 404600,China;Shizhu Branch of Chongqing Tobacco Company,Shizhu,Chongqing409100,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400715 [2]中国烟草总公司重庆市公司烟草科学研究所,重庆400715 [3]中国烟草总公司重庆市公司奉节分公司,重庆404600 [4]中国烟草总公司重庆市公司石柱分公司,重庆409100

出　　处：《土壤》2021年第6期1207-1214,共8页Soils

基　　金：中国烟草总公司重庆市重点项目(C20201NY4103);广西中烟工业有限责任公司项目(2020450000340004)资助。

摘　　要：分析2017年重庆市石柱县230份土壤样品的pH和养分指标,并与2002、2012年数据对比,了解该县植烟土壤肥力状况及其演变趋势,提出针对性施肥策略。结果表明,2017年该县植烟土壤pH均值为5.52,其中pH<5.5的酸性土壤占49.1%;土壤有机质平均含量为30.67 g/kg,其中>20 g/kg的比例占92.6%。土壤碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾平均含量分别为156.35、108.40、436.25 mg/kg,其含量过高的比例分别占21.35%、88.2%、98.0%。比较2002、2012和2017年数据,植烟土壤pH先下降后上升,土壤有机质含量稳步上升,土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量显著增长。综上所述,该县土壤酸化问题仍较严重,养分含量过于丰富,整体土壤肥力较低且呈下降趋势,因此,可按照“区域大配方,地块小调整”的原则,运用施肥区划图和烤烟配方施肥建议卡,对该县不同种植单元烟田提出具体的施肥方案,实现该县优质烤烟生产。This paper analyzed pH and nutrients of 230 typical tobacco-growing soil samples from Shizhu County of Chongqing City in 2017 and compared the corresponding data of 2002 and 2017 in order to understand the condition and evolution of tobacco-growing soil fertility for the rational targeted fertilization strategies.The results showed that the average pH was 5.52 in 2017,soil samples with pH<5.5 accounted for 49.1%of the total samples.The average SOM content was 30.67 g/kg in 2017,soil samples with SOM>20 g/kg accounted for 92.6%of the total samples.The average contents of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium were 156.35,108.40 and 436.25 mg/kg respectively,with the proportions of soil samples at the high grades of 21.35%,88.2%and 98.0%respectively.Compared with the data in 2002,2012 and 2017,soil pH was decreased at first and then increased,SOM increased steadily,soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium significantly increased.To sum up,soil acidification was serious and nutrients were exceedingly abundant.The integrated soil fertility was poor and declining.Hence,according to macro-strategy in huge restrict and small-adjustment in the field,through using fertilization zoning map and flue-cured tobacco formula fertilization card,specific fertilization program was put forward aiming at tobacco fields with different planting units to accomplish high-quality flue-cured tobacco production.

关 键 词：植烟土壤 土壤肥力 施肥区划 石柱县 

分 类 号：S158.5[农业科学—土壤学]