硅碳复合结构对锂离子电池负极电化学性能的影响  

Effect of silicon/carbon composite structure on its electrochemical performance as a lithium-ion battery anode

作　　者：田晓华 余晨露 郑瀚 孙卓[1] 张哲娟[1] 朴贤卿[1] TIAN Xiaohua;YU Chenlu;ZHENG Han;SUN Zhuo;ZHANG Zhejuan;PIAO Xianqing(Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument(Ministry of Education),School of Physics and Electronic Science,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学物理与电子科学学院纳光电集成与先进装备教育部工程研究中心,上海200241

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第1期52-61,共10页Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：上海市科委项目(19DZ1205102,20DZ1202106)。

摘　　要：以晶硅太阳能电池生产过程中的晶硅切削废料为原料、以壳聚糖(Chitosan,CTS)为碳源,通过液相包裹和低温热解工艺制备了具有较大孔隙的硅/硬碳复合材料(Si@CTS).对比研究了Si@CTS及Si@CTS混合石墨后(Si@CTS/G)分别作为锂离子电池负极的电化学性能.结果表明,具有孔隙和互联结构的Si@CTS负极首次放电比容量可达到1672.8 mAh/g,首次库伦效率达到了84.45%;在循环100圈之后Si@CTS放电比容量保持在626.4 mAh/g.进一步,将Si@CTS作为高容量活性物质添加至石墨中,研磨混合后制得的Si@CTS/G复合负极表现出良好的稳定性,在循环100圈之后放电比容量为698.1 mAh/g,对高容量高稳定性硅碳负极批量化生产和应用具有重要意义.Porous silicon/hard carbon composite(Si@CTS)was successfully fabricated using liquid phase encapsulation and a low-temperature pyrolysis process,in which silicon particles from cutting waste in the manufacturing of crystalline silicon solar cells was used as a raw material and chitosan as carbon source.In this paper,the electrochemical performance of Si@CTS and a mixture of Si@CTS and graphite(Si@CTS/G)as anode materials of a lithium-ion battery was studied.The Si@CTS electrode showed a high discharge specific capacity of 1672.8 mAh/g and a high initial coulombic efficiency of 84.45%.After 100 cycles,the Si@CTS retained a reversible capacity of 626.4 mAh/g.The discharge specific capacity of the Si@CTS/G composite was 698.1 mAh/g;hence,the discharge specific capacity of the Si@CTS/G composite was higher than that of Si@CTS and offered better stability.The findings are critical for mass manufacture and deployment of silicon/carbon anodes with high capacity and stability in lithium-ion batteries.

关 键 词：亚微米硅 硅废料 硅碳负极材料 锂离子电池 联结结构 

分 类 号：O649.4[理学—物理化学]