论民生权第三人效力的司法适用  

On the Judicial Application of the Third-party Effectiveness of People's Livelihood Right

作　　者：葛先园[1] Ge Xianyuan(School of Law,Anhui University of Finance&Economics,Bengbu 233030,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽财经大学法学院,安徽蚌埠233030

出　　处：《学术交流》2021年第12期29-39,186,共12页Academic Exchange

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“习近平法治思想中的民生保障理论研究”(21&ZD190);国家社会科学基金重点项目“健全社会公平正义法治保障制度研究”(20AZD028)。

摘　　要：民生权具有第三人效力。司法实践中应当厘清民生权第三人效力的适用情形,即只适用于私法自治明显违反宪法精神、私法自治显著影响弱者生存权两种情形。符合适用情形的前提下,民生权第三人效力的司法适用还须遵循三个基本原则,即比例原则、尊重私法主体参与权原则、不减免国家义务预期原则。以民生权第三人效力司法适用情形和适用原则审视我国司法实践中的相关案例,发现人民法院将民生权第三人效力标准同质化,造成“异案同判”现象。今后人民法院应当准确把握民生权第三人效力司法适用的情形,全面、充分遵循司法适用的基本原则,做到既保障民生权,又不威胁私法自治原则。The right to people’s livelihood has the effect of a third party. In judicial practice, we should clarify the application of the third-party effectiveness of the right to people’s livelihood, i.e. it is only applicable to the two cases where private law autonomy obviously violates the spirit of the Constitution and private law autonomy affects the survival right of the weak significantly. On the premise of meeting the applicable circumstances, the judicial application of the third-party effectiveness of the right to people’s livelihood must also follow three basic principles, namely, the principle of proportion, the principle of respecting the participation right of private law subjects, and the principle of not reducing the expectation of state obligations. Through examining the relevant cases in our judicial practice with the judicial application and application principles of the third-party effectiveness of the right, it is found that the people’s court homogenizes the third-party effectiveness standard of the right, resulting in the phenomenon of " the same judgment for different cases". In the future, the people’s court should accurately grasp the judicial application of the third-party effectiveness of the right, fully and sufficiently follow the basic principles of its judicial application, so as to ensure the right to people’s livelihood without threatening the principle of private law autonomy.

关 键 词：民生权 第三人效力 司法适用 

分 类 号：D616[政治法律—政治学] F123.3[政治法律—中外政治制度]