三种针叶树材单根管胞形态与拉伸性能  

Study on the Morphology and Tensile Properties of Single Tracheids of Three Softwoods

作　　者：冯启明 任素红 吕建雄[1] 王玉荣[1] 龚迎春[1] 赵荣军[1] FENG Qi-ming;REN Su-hong;LYU Jian-xiong;WANG Yu-rong;GONG Yi-chun;ZHAO Rong-jun(Research Institute of Wood Industry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所,北京100091

出　　处：《木材科学与技术》2022年第1期43-48,74,共7页Chinese Journal of Wood Science and Technology

基　　金：浙江省省院合作林业科技项目“高强度人工林杉木工程木产品制造关键技术”(2021SY09);“十三五”国家重点研发计划课题“木材细胞壁结构调控对性能的影响机制”(2017YFD0600202)。

摘　　要：选取杉木、白皮松、日本落叶松三种针叶树材为研究对象,探究并比较位于不同生长轮的单根管胞的形态参数及拉伸力学性能。结果表明,三种针叶树材的管胞长度、宽度、长宽比及拉伸强度、弹性模量、断裂伸长率基本符合随生长轮增加而增大的变化规律;杉木管胞的长度、宽度最大,日本落叶松晚材第9生长轮的管胞具有最佳的拉伸性能。方差分析表明,杉木和白皮松的第3生长轮与其他生长轮的管胞形态具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。杉木、日本落叶松的第3生长轮与其他生长轮的管胞拉伸力学性能具有显著性差异(P<0.05),而白皮松各生长轮间的拉伸力学性能没有显著性差异。研究结果为人工林木质纤维的高效利用及建筑用材提供依据。The morphological parameters and tensile mechanical properties of single tracheids in different growth rings of Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolate),Chinese lace-bark pine(Pinus bungeana),and Japanese larch(Larix kaempferi)were studied and compared.The results showed that the length,width,ratio of length to width,tensile strength,elongation at break,and the elastic modulus of the tracheids of the three species of softwood nearly increased with growth rings.The length and width of Chinese fir tracheids were the largest,and the mechanical properties of larch latewood from the ninth growth ring tracheids were the best among three species.Analysis of variance showed that the morphologies of tracheids of the third growth ring were significantly different from that of other growth rings(P<0.05)of Chinese fir and Chinese lace-bark pine.There were significant differences in tracheid tensile mechanical properties between the third growth ring and other growth rings of Chinese fir and larch(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in that among all the growth rings of Chinese lace-bark pine.These data provided the important basis for the efficient utilization of plantation wood fiber and building lumber.

关 键 词：针叶树材 单根管胞 管胞形态 拉伸 力学性能 

分 类 号：S781.82[农业科学—木材科学与技术] S781.29[农业科学—林学]