基于自由曲面的空间光学系统偏振像差分析  

Analysis of polarization aberration of space optical system based on freeform surface

作　　者：张艺蓝 史浩东[1] 王超[1] 李英超 刘壮 张肃[1] 王稼禹 姜会林[1] ZHANG Yi-Lan;SHI Hao-dong;WANG Chao;LI Ying-chao;LIU Zhuang;ZHANG Su;WANG Jia-yu;JIANG Hui-lin(College of Optoelectronic Engineering,Changchun University of Science and Technology,Changchun 130022,China)

机构地区：[1]长春理工大学光电工程学院,吉林长春130022

出　　处：《光学精密工程》2021年第12期2783-2796,共14页Optics and Precision Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.61805027,No.61805028);国家自然科学基金重大项目(No.61890960)。

摘　　要：针对含有自由曲面的空间光学系统中偏振像差对探测精度和成像质量的影响,基于琼斯表示法,提出以条纹泽尼克多项式为表征函数的自由曲面离轴光学系统偏振像差分析方法,构建了自由曲面反射光学系统偏振像差解析模型,分析了条纹泽尼克多项式低阶系数对视场离轴光学系统偏振像差分布的影响;通过全视场偏振光线追迹仿真及系统引入自由曲面前后的对比,揭示了自由曲面对离轴光学系统相位像差、相位延迟和二向衰减3种偏振像差的作用规律;最后,设计了含有自由曲面的大视场离轴三反偏振成像光学系统,并分析了系统全视场的偏振像差。分析结果表明:相位像差分布与自由曲面面形矢高分布一致,自由曲面引起的二向衰减和相位延迟占系统总体二向衰减和相位延迟的52.5%。掌握这种偏振特性变化对于设计深空天文望远镜等甚高精度的光学系统具有重要意义。The influence of polarization aberration on detection accuracy and imaging quality in a spatial op⁃tical system containing freeform surfaces was analyzed.First,based on the Jones notation,a freeform sur⁃face off-axis optical system with fringe Zernike polynomials as the characterizing function was proposed.Second,the polarization aberration analysis model of reflective optical system with freeform surface was developed.The influence of fringe Zernike polynomial low-order coefficients on the polarization aberration distribution of the field of view off-axis optical system was analyzed.Then,by tracing the polarized light through full field of view and by comparing before and after the freeform surface was introduced,the free⁃form surface effected on three types of polarization aberrations,that is,phase aberration,retardance,and diattenuation,of the field-bias optical system were verified.Finally,a wide-field off-axis three-mirror opti⁃cal system with freeform surface and the polarization aberration of the full field of view were analyzed.The analysis results show that the phase aberration distribution is consistent with the freeform surface sagittal height distribution,and the retardance and diattenuation caused by the freeform surface account for 52.5%of the retardance and diattenuation of the total system,respectively.Improving this polarization character⁃istic change is important for the design of very high-precision optical systems such as deep-space astronomi⁃cal telescopes.

关 键 词：光学设计 偏振像差 琼斯矩阵 自由曲面 偏振光线追迹 离轴光学系统 

分 类 号：O436.[机械工程—光学工程]