敦煌旱峡玉矿遗址发掘简报  

A Brief Report on the Excavation of the Jade Mine Site in Hanxia,Dunhuang

作　　者：陈国科(领队/发掘/执笔)[1] 杨谊时(发掘/绘图/执笔) 张鹏(发掘/绘图/执笔) 张奋强(发掘/绘图/执笔) 康禹潇 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省文物考古研究所,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《敦煌研究》2021年第5期74-84,共11页Dunhuang Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41173041,41673032);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基金(16JJD780010);文化遗产保护领域甘肃省省级科研课题(GWJ201826);甘肃省敦煌文物保护研究中心开放课题“敦煌旱峡玉矿遗址考古学研究及其价值揭示(GDW2021ZD01)”。

摘　　要：甘肃省文物考古研究所于2019年在敦煌旱峡玉矿遗址进行了考古发掘,发掘面积300平方米,清理遗迹12处,其中房址6座、矿坑5处、岗哨1座。房址有半地穴式和地面式两类,一般由房址主体、门道、储藏坑、操作台、灶址、活动面等组成。出土有陶器、石器、铁器、玉料及石料、动物骨骼和木炭遗存等。聚落呈现出山顶岗哨、山体两侧矿坑、山麓底部低平处的房址和选料区的分布特征。其内涵划分为西城驿文化/齐家文化和骟马文化两期遗存,年代为公元前2000—公元前100年。是目前国内已知开采年代最早的透闪石玉矿遗址,对探讨中国早期透闪石玉矿的开采利用等问题具有重要意义。In 2019,an area of 300 m2 of the Jade Mine site in Hanxia,Dunhuang,was excavated,and 6 ruins were cleaned up,including 6 houses,5 mine pits and 1 lookout post.There are 2 types of houses,namely semi-subterranean houses and ground houses,which generally consist of the main body,doorway,storage pit,worktop,kitchen,and etc.The excavation finds include potteries,stone tools,iron tools,jade and stone materials,animal bones and charcoal remains.According to the distribution and arrangement,the lookout post stands on the top of the mountain,the mine pits on both sides of the mountain,and the houses andthe area for material selection on the lower flat areas at the foot of the mountain.The site of the Jade mine can be divided into two periods,namely Xichengyi/Qijia culture period and the Shanma culture period,dating from 2000 BCE to 100 BCE.It is the earliest site of tremolite mine known today,which is of great significance to the exploration of the mining and utilization oftremolite in China.

关 键 词：旱峡玉矿 玉矿 遗迹和遗物 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]