含不同形貌MoO_(3)的Al/MoO_(3)铝热剂的热性能和燃烧性能  

Thermal Properties and Combustion Properties of Al/MoO_(3) Thermite Containing MoO_(3) with Different Morphologies

作　　者：陈嘉琳 郭涛 姚淼 李师 丁文 宋佳星 刘珩 肖力铭 CHEN Jia-lin;GUO Tao;YAO Miao;LI Shi;DING Wen;SONG Jia-xing;LIU Heng;XIAO Li-ming(College of Field Engineering,PLA Army Engineering University,Nanjing 210007,China)

机构地区：[1]陆军工程大学野战工程学院,江苏南京210007

出　　处：《含能材料》2022年第2期121-129,共9页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(51704302)。

摘　　要：不同形貌铝热剂在性能上有着很大的差异。为了探讨不同MoO_(3)形貌对Al/MoO_(3)铝热剂热性能和燃烧行为的影响,制备了Al/棒状MoO_(3)和Al/带状MoO_(3)铝热剂,采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE‑SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和差示扫描量热仪(DSC)对其形貌和热性能进行了表征测试。DSC结果表明,Al/带状MoO_(3)铝热剂和Al/棒状MoO_(3)铝热剂释放的热量分别为1702 J·g^(-1)释放432 J·g^(-1)。Al/带状MoO_(3)铝热剂的初始反应温度为401.95℃,比Al/棒状MoO_(3)铝热剂的504.87℃提前102.92℃。通过非等温热力学分析,两种铝热剂的活化能(Ea)没有显著差异,但Al/棒状MoO_(3)铝热剂具有较高的热爆炸临界温度(Tb),说明其具有较高的安全性。在开放燃烧实验中,两种铝热剂的燃烧行为差异小,但当燃烧结束时,Al/带状MoO_(3)铝热剂周围会溅射出火花。封闭管燃烧实验显示,Al/棒状MoO_(3)铝热剂的燃烧波波速先上升后下降,最大波速达1037 m·s^(-1),而Al/带状MoO_(3)铝热剂的燃烧波速呈上升趋势,最大速度为2710 m·s^(-1)。Al/带状MoO_(3)铝热剂在热和燃烧性能上要优于Al/棒状MoO_(3)铝热剂,而Al/棒状MoO_(3)铝热剂更为安全。The thermites with different morphologies performed differently.To explore the influence of different MoO_(3) morphologies on the thermal properties and combustion behavior of Al/MoO_(3) thermite,Al/rod‑MoO_(3) and Al/ribbon‑MoO_(3) thermite were prepared.Field emission scanning electron microscope(FE‑SEM),X‑ray diffractometer(XRD)and differential scanning calorim‑etry(DSC)were used to characterize their morphology and thermal properties.The DSC results showed that the Al/ribbon‑MoO_(3) thermite had a heat release about 1702 J·g^(-1),while the Al/rod‑MoO_(3) thermite released 432 J·g^(-1).The initial reaction temperature of Al/ribbon‑MoO_(3) thermite was 401.95℃,which was 102.92℃earlier than the 504.87℃of Al/rod‑MoO_(3) thermite.Non‑isothermal thermodynamic analysis showed that the activation energy(Ea)of the two thermites was not significantly different,but the Al/rod‑MoO_(3) thermite presented a higher thermal explosion critical temperature(Tb),indicating that the Al/rod‑MoO_(3) thermite exhibited higher safety.In the open combustion experiment,there was little difference in the combustion behavior of the two thermites.When the thermite burnt out,the Al/ribbon‑MoO_(3) thermite splashed sparks.The closed‑tube com‑bustion experiment showed that the combustion wave velocity of Al/rod‑MoO_(3) thermite increased primely then decreased,and the maximum wave velocity reached 1037 m·s^(-1).The combustion wave velocity of Al/ribbon‑MoO_(3) thermite was on the rise,and the maximum velocity was 2710 m·s^(-1).Al/ribbon‑MoO_(3) thermite is superior to Al/rod‑MoO_(3) thermite in heat release and combustion performance,but the Al/rod‑MoO_(3) thermite is much safer.

关 键 词：Al/MoO_(3)铝热剂 MoO_(3)形貌 封闭管燃烧实验 燃烧波 非等温热力学 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O64[理学—物理化学]