笼形含能化合物热分解研究进展  

Review on Thermal Decompositions of Caged Energetic Compounds

作　　者：何佳峻 甘强[1] 朱双飞 李昌霖 梁琳 张涵 冯长根[1] HE Jia-jun;GAN Qiang;ZHU Shuang-fei;LI Chang-lin;LIANG Lin;ZHANG Han;FENG Chang-gen(State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《含能材料》2022年第2期178-186,共9页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室(北京理工大学)自主课题资助(QNKT20-04)。

摘　　要：笼形含能化合物因能量高、密度大而成为当前含能材料领域的研究热点,阐明其热分解机理对于深入研究其爆轰机理及提高热稳定性均有重要意义。以笼形骨架为线索,介绍了金刚烷衍生物、立方烷衍生物和异伍兹烷衍生物三类笼形含能化合物的热分解研究进展,总结了上述三类笼形化合物热分解规律:金刚烷衍生物热分解始于取代基且具有“桥头C”效应,立方烷衍生物热分解通常始于笼形结构的C‑C键,多硝基异伍兹烷热分解一般始于脱硝基。后续研究应进一步丰富笼形含能化合物的种类,开展笼形化合物热分解的系统性研究,特别是笼状骨架的热分解机理研究。Caged energetic compounds are the hotspots in the research field of energetic materials due to their high energy and density levels,and the clarification of their thermal decomposition mechanisms is significant to the in-depth study of their detonation mechanisms and the improvement of their thermal stabilities. Herein,the thermal decompositions of energetic adamantanes,cubanes and isowurtzitanes are reviewed according to the clue of their caged skeletons,and the thermal decomposition mechanisms of these three caged compounds are also summarized. The thermal decomposition of energetic adamantanes initiated from the substituents and possessed Bridgehead Carbon Effect. In contrast,the thermal decomposition of energetic cubanes and polynitroisowutzitanes usually started from the C—C bond in the cage skeleton and the removal of nitro groups,respectively. Future research should further enrich the types of caged energetic compounds and carry out systematic study on thermal decompositions of caged compounds,especially the thermal decomposition mechanisms of the caged skeletons.

关 键 词：含能材料 热分解 金刚烷衍生物 立方烷衍生物 异伍兹烷衍生物 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O64[理学—物理化学]