2019—2020年马鞍山市公共场所淋浴用水嗜肺军团菌分子特征研究  

Molecular characteristics of Legionella pneumophila in shower water of public places in Ma'anshan city from 2019 to 2020

作　　者：王利 罗颖 杨晨 李艳艳 陈健 王剑青 陈道利 Wang Li;Luo Ying;Yang Chen;Li Yanyan;Chen Jian;Wang Jianqing;Chen Daoli(Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Ma'anshan 243000,China;Health and Family Planning Supervision and Law Enforcement Bureau Ma'anshan 243000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省马鞍山市疾病预防控制中心,243000 [2]安徽省马鞍山市卫生和计划生育监督执法局,243000

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2021年第12期1399-1403,共5页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2018ZX10713003-002-005);马鞍山市科技局课题(YL-2019-12)。

摘　　要：目的分析2019—2020年马鞍山市公共场所淋浴用水嗜肺军团菌的病原学特征。方法于2019—2020年,根据马鞍山市花山区和雨山区人口密度分布和洗浴场所营业规模,选取8家公共洗浴场所(包括3家大型、3家中型和2家小型公共洗浴场所),共采集淋浴水及其蓄水池水308份(294份淋浴水和14份蓄水池水),对采集的水样进行处理、培养和分离鉴定后,再对检测阳性的标本进行嗜肺军团菌型别特征分析。结果308份淋浴水及蓄水池水检出嗜肺军团菌阳性120份,总体阳性率为39.0%(120/308)。共检出154株嗜肺军团菌,包含10种不同血清型,主要以血清型1型(LP1)和血清型3型(LP3)为主,占比分别为40.9%(63/154)和22.7%(35/154);14种毒力基因全部阳性的嗜肺军团菌有23株,占比为14.9%(23/154),其中19株为血清型1型(LP1),4株为血清型8型(LP8);对154株嗜肺军团菌菌株进行脉冲场凝胶电泳聚类分析,得到60种不同的带型。结论马鞍山市公共场所淋浴水环境中嗜肺军团菌污染严重,血清型别种类分布较广,菌株毒力较强,且菌株具有遗传多样性。Objective To understand the epidemiological and pathogenic characteristics of Legionella pneumophila in shower water of public places in Ma'anshan City from 2019 to 2020,and to provide scientific basis for further prevention and control of legionellosis.Methods From 2019 to 2020,according to population density distribution and business scale of bathing places in the main urban area of Ma'anshan City(Huashan District and Yushan District),8 public bathing places(including 3 large,3 medium and 2 small)were selected to collect 308 shower water and water storage pool water samples(294 shower water samples and 14 water storage pool water samples).After the collected water samples were treated,cultured,isolated and identified,the type characteristics of Legionella pneumophila were analyzed.Results Legionella pneumophila were detected in 120 water samples among 308 shower water and water storage pool water samples,with an overall positive rate of 39.0%(120/308).A total of 154 Legionella pneumophila strains were detected,including 10 different serotypes,predominated by serotype 1(LP1)and serotype 3(LP3),accounting for 40.9%(63/154)and 22.7%(35/154).Among 154 strains of Legionella pneumophila,23 strains of Legionella pneumophila were positive for all 14 virulence genes,accounting for 14.9%(23/154),including 19 serotype 1(LP1)and 4 serotype 8(LP8).Pulsed field gel electrophoresis(PFGE)cluster analysis of 154 Legionella pneumophila strains showed 60 different patterns.Conclusion Legionella pneumophila was seriously polluted in the shower water environment of public places in Ma,anshan City.The serotypes are widely distributed and the virulence of the strains is strong.The results of molecular typing show that these strains have genetic diversity.

关 键 词：军团病杆菌属 军团病杆菌 嗜肺 血清分型 毒力基因 

分 类 号：R126.4[医药卫生—环境卫生学]