地震灾害作用下老旧建筑群韧性评估与提升  

Seismic resilience evaluation and improvement of old buildings

作　　者：张娟[1] 张明媛[1] 李钢[1] Zhang Juan;Zhang Mingyuan;Li Gang(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《土木工程学报》2022年第1期41-52,共12页China Civil Engineering Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(52038002);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(DUT20ZD401)。

摘　　要：针对老旧建筑改造问题,提出老旧建筑群韧性评估与提升框架,对其韧性进行评估与提升。所提框架将老旧建筑群韧性评估与提升分为灾前、灾中和灾后恢复阶段。灾前通过文献回顾与分析建立旧社区的初始功能目标,并利用事件树分析方法将目标分解得到老旧建筑群功能目标。随后对老旧建筑群初始功能进行评估,判断其初始功能是否满足目标需求。对于未达到初始功能目标的建筑群,采用粒子群优化方法对其进行性能目标优化;采用蒙特卡罗模拟方法对建筑群在灾害中的功能损失进行量化评估并提出老旧建筑群灾后功能恢复函数;最后,通过对建筑群三个阶段功能变化分析,对改造和未改造的建筑群韧性进行评估。以一个案例研究来实施老旧建筑群韧性评估与提升框架,案例分析结果显示经过灾前加固改造的建筑群的鲁棒性提升19%,灾中功能损失降低7.7%,灾后恢复时间缩短45%,最终韧性能力提升19%,所提出的老旧建筑群的韧性评估与提升框架可有效的提升老旧建筑群的韧性能力,为老旧建筑群的改造提供依据。The old communities whose main buildings were constructed according to the old codes have been in service for more than ten years,so they shall be more vulnerable than the new communities.Therefore,it is very necessary to assess and improve the resilience of old buildings in order to build more resilient community.In this work,the assessment and improvement on the resilience of old buildings is divided into three stages:pre-disaster preparation stage,disaster response stage and post-disaster recovery stage.In the pre-disaster preparation stage,the initial functionality goal of old community,which can be further decomposed into the functionality goals of old buildings by using the event tree analysis method,is established.Next,the initial functionality of old buildings is evaluated to judge whether the initial functionality goal meets the requirement.For old buildings without meeting the initial functionality goal,the particle swarm optimization method is adopted to optimize the functionality of buildings before disaster.In the stage of disaster response,the Monte Carlo simulation method is used to evaluate the functionality loss.In the post-disaster recovery stage,the function of functionality recovery of old buildings is proposed.Finally,the resilience of retrofitted and un-retrofitted old buildings is evaluated respectively based on the analysis of the functionality changes in the three stages.By comparing the results of resilience,the improvements of the resilience of old buildings are analyzed.Particularly,based on a case study,the proposed framework for resilience assessment and improvement of old community is implemented and demonstrated.Furthermore,the case study indicates that the proposed framework can provide the decision maker the retrofitted goal of infrastructure in old community and the improvement degree of community resilience before disaster.

关 键 词：地震 目标分解 老旧建筑群 韧性评估 韧性提升 

分 类 号：TU984.12[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]