≥60岁老年人接种季节性流感疫苗的免疫原性和宿主因素对血清抗体阳转率的影响  

Immunogenicity of seasonal influenza vaccine and impact of host factors on seroconversion in an ≥60-year-old population

作　　者：李萍萍[1] 叶莉霞[2] 吴锋[1] 吴一峰[1] Li Pingping;Ye Lixia;Wu Feng;Wu Yifeng(Jiangbei District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ningbo 315020,Zhejiang,China;Ningbo Municijxil Center for Disease Control and Prevention.Ningbo 315000,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波市江北区疾病预防控制中心,浙江宁波315020 [2]宁波市疾病预防控制中心,浙江宁波315000

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2021年第6期643-647,共5页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：江北区科技局社发类项目(2020C01)。

摘　　要：目的分析季节性流感疫苗(Influenza vaccine, InfV)在老年人群中的免疫原性和宿主因素对血清抗体阳转的影响。方法在宁波市江北区招募2020/2021年度流感流行季节接种InfV的≥60岁老年人,采用微量血凝抑制(Hemagglutination inhibition, HI)试验测定免疫前和免疫后30d各亚型流感病毒血清HI抗体滴度,分析抗体阳转率和几何平均滴度(Geometric mean titer, GMT)以及宿主因素对抗体阳转的影响。结果共招募290名受试者,InfV免疫后A(HINI)型、A(H3N2)型、Bv型流感病毒抗体阳转率分别为78.62%、68.28%、71.38%,免疫后GMT分别是免疫前的9.26倍、6.19倍、10.09倍。多因素分析显示,≥80岁、近3年内有InfV史的受试者A(H3N2)型、Bv型抗体阳转率低[OR(95%CI):0.13(0.03-0.58)、0.29(0.13-0.62);0.26(0.07-0.91)、0.37(0.18-0.77)];免疫前同型抗体阳性的受试者A(HINI)型和A(H3N2)型抗体阳转率低[OR(95%CI):0.09(0.01-0.65)、0.17(0.09-0.32)];免疫前A(H1N1)型抗体阳性的受试者A(H3N2)型抗体阳转率高[OR(95%CI):2.65(1.06-6.67)]。结论 InfV在≥60岁老年人中的免疫原性良好;InfV免疫后抗体阳转受年龄、既往免疫史和免疫前抗体水平的影响,不同流感病毒亚型之间存在交叉免疫。Objective To explore the immunogenicity of seasonal influenza vaccine(InfV) and host factors influencing seroconversion in an elderly population.Methods We recruited ≥60-year-olds who received InfV during the 2020/2021 influenza season in Jiangbei district of Ningbo city. We used hemagglutination inhibition(HI) assays to determine serum HI antibody titers against each subtype of influenza virus before and 30 days after vaccination;we determined seroconversion and geometric mean titer(GMT) of HI antibody and evaluated host factors potentially influencing seroconversion.Results Among the 290 subjects, seroconversion rates for A(HINI), A(H3 N2), and Bv subtypes of influenza virus after InfV vaccination were 78.62%, 68.28%, and 71.38%, with GMTs being 9.26, 6.19, and 10.09 times higher than before vaccination. Multivariate analysis showed that subjects who were ≥80 years old and who had received InfV in the last 3 years had lower seroconversion for influenza A(H3 N2) and Bv [OR(95%CI): 0.13(0.03-0.58) and 0.29(0.13-0.62);0.26(0.07-0.91) and 0.37(0.18-0.77)]. Subjects who were seropositive to A(HINI) and A(H3 N2) before vaccination had lower seroconversions of the same subtype antibodies [OR(95%CI): 0.09(0.01-0.65) and 0.17(0.09-0.32)]. Subjects who were seropositive to A(H1 N1) before vaccination had higher rates of seroconversion against A(H3 N2) [OR(95%CI): 2.65(1.06-6.67)].Conclusions InfV vaccination showed a good immunogenicity profile in ≥60-year-olds. Seroconversion after InfV vaccination was influenced by age, vaccination history, and antibody level before vaccination, with cross-immune responses evident among different influenza virus subtypes.

关 键 词：季节性流感疫苗 免疫原性 血凝抑制抗体 血清阳转 宿主因素 老年人 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]