马克思新唯物主义观照下的“两个世界”问题  

The Problem of"Two Worlds"under the View of Marx’s New Materialism

作　　者：陈培永 CHEN Peiyong(School of Marxism,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学马克思主义学院,北京100871

出　　处：《云梦学刊》2022年第2期68-74,共7页Journal of Yunmeng

摘　　要：将宗教世界归结为"世俗基础",只强调是人创造了宗教是不够的。与其说是人创造了宗教,不如说是特定的国家、特定的社会创造了宗教。费尔巴哈看到的"世俗基础"是直观的、非历史性的;新唯物主义看到的"世俗基础"是具有历史性的"世俗基础",是人的实践活动的产物。宗教问题不是宗教本身的问题,观念世界问题不是观念世界本身的问题,不在世俗基础、现实世界找到原因,开好药方,注定无法真正看到宗教世界、观念世界问题的真谛。现实世界的改变,不是能够通过提出某种新的范畴、新的理想就能改变的。纯粹观念世界的逻辑无法真正地改变世界,最多只是一种对世界的解释。必须改变世俗基础、现实世界本身,才能让观念世界、想象世界改变,也才有希望最终让"两个世界"合二为一。If we want to attribute the religious world to the"secular basis",it is not enough only to emphasize that religion is created by human beings.It is not so much that people create religions as that particular countries and societies create religions.The"secular basis"that Feuerbach saw is intuitive and non-historical;the"secular basis"that the new materialism sees is the historical"secular basis",which is the product of human practice.The problem of religion is not the problem of religion itself,and the problem of the world of ideas is not the problem of the world of ideas itself.Unless we find the cause on the secular basis and in the real world,and prescribe a proper prescription,we are doomed to be unable to truly see the true meaning of the problems of the world of religions and ideas.The real world can not be changed by only proposing a new category or a new ideal.The logic of the pure world of ideas cannot really change the world.It is at most an explanation of the real world.Only by changing the secular basis and the real world itself can the world of ideas and imagination be changed,and can the two worlds hopefully be merged into one.

关 键 词：宗教世界 世俗世界 现实世界 观念世界 

分 类 号：B023.2[哲学宗教—哲学理论]