春玉米物候期及熟性空间分异的遥感分析  

Remote Sensing Analysis on Spatial Difference in Phenology and Mature Characters of Spring Maize

作　　者：元雪娇 张宝林[1,2] 郭佳 宋佳欣 YUAN Xue-jiao;ZHANG Bao-lin;GUO Jia;SONG Jia-xin(College of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010020, China;Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Hohhot 010020, China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学化学与环境科学学院,呼和浩特010020 [2]内蒙古自治区环境化学重点实验室,呼和浩特010020

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2022年第1期93-102,共10页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0300803,2018YFD0300403)。

摘　　要：粮食主产区作物布局、农作物物候是实现农业种植制度优化、农业信息化和机械化的重要基础,是应对气候变化决策的科学依据。结合内蒙古赤峰市实地调查数据和Landsat 8影像,基于生长季中分辨率成像光谱仪(moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer,MODIS)遥感影像构建的植被指数(normalized difference vegetation index,NDVI)时间序列数据集,采用Savitzky-Golay(S-G)滤波和4次多项式对NDVI时间序列进行重构拟合,反演了春玉米种植区的空间分布。利用动态振幅阈值法、拐点法和最大值法确定了春玉米物候期(出苗期、拔节期、抽雄期和成熟期),并计算春玉米生育期、分析品种熟性;通过时空分析,系统地研究了农业生产实际中春玉米物候期及品种熟性的空间分异。研究表明,春玉米种植区的空间分布提取精度达85%以上;2018—2019年春玉米出苗期、拔节期、抽雄期和成熟期分别出现在5月8—27日、5月29日—6月11日、7月21日—8月10日和9月11日—10月1日,物候期随纬度增加而延迟;春玉米种植品种以中熟和中晚熟为主,前者主要分布在赤峰北部,后者主要分布在赤峰中南部。基于遥感的春玉米物候期及品种熟性空间分异研究为农业信息化、机械化奠定了科学基础,为进一步优化气候资源利用提供了方法。The information on the distribution,growth and development of crops in actual agricultural practices in major food-production regions is very important in optimizing farming systems,agricultural informatization and mechanization.It is also the scientific foundation for adapting to climate change.Based on on-site investigation,Landsat 8 images and growing season moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer(MODIS)data derived time series vegetation index normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI),savitzky-Golay(S-G)filtering and quartic polynomial fitting were used to reconstruct NDVI time series curve of spring maize and identify its spatial distribution in Chifeng City in 2018-2019.Dynamic amplitude threshold,inflection point and maximum value were used to determine the phenology of spring maize,namely emergence,initial jointing,tasseling and mature stages,and the growth period and maturity of spring maize were calculated and analyzed.A systematical and comprehensive study on the spatial differences of maize phenology and cultivar maturity in actual agricultural practices in Chifeng City was conducted through temporal and spatial analysis.The results show that maize retrieval accuracy was above 85%.The emergence of spring maize occurs from May 8 to May 27,jointing stage started from May 29 to June 11,tasseling stage from July 21 to August 10 and mature stage is from September 11 to October 1 in 2018-2019.The growth period is delayed with the increase of latitude.The main spring maize cultivars are middle maturity or middle late maturity,with the former mainly distributing over the north of Chifeng City,and the later in the middle and the south.The technique for remote sensing phenology and maturity of spring maize lays scientific foundation for agricultural informatization and mechanization,and provides a method for the further study on highly efficient use of climate resources.

关 键 词：春玉米 物候期 品种熟性 遥感 

分 类 号：S127[农业科学—农业基础科学]