基于区块链技术的数据共享系统  

Design of Data Sharing System Based on Blockchain Technology

作　　者：王楠 翟峰 曹永峰 冯云 张伟 WANG Nan;ZHAI Feng;CAO Yong-feng;FENG Yun;ZHANG Wei(China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing 100192, China;Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;Changzhou Power Supply Branch of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd., Changzhou 213000, China)

机构地区：[1]中国电力科学研究院有限公司,北京100192 [2]天津大学智能电网教育部重点实验室,天津300072 [3]国网江苏省电力有限公司常州供电分公司,常州213000

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2022年第1期289-295,共7页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家电网公司总部科技项目(5700-202018371A-0-0-00)。

摘　　要：区块链技术具有去中心化、公开透明、全程可追溯等技术特点,为解决数据共享及智能应用提供了新的技术方向和手段,但受限于区块链的性能等因素,数据共享应用的便捷性和使用率受到影响,为此提出了一种基于区块链技术的数据共享系统应用方案。通过分析智能电网用电信息采集系统技术架构,采用云边端协同方式,保证业务应用速度及系统性能;结合工作量证明(proof of work,POW)及权益证明(proof of stake,POS)共识机制,灵活调整区块的难度系数提高区块写入速度,通过权益值、信用值及时间奖励,确定用户的记账权,激励主节点创建区块的积极性;通过可编程智能合约的设计,使用户在数据类型的调取更加便捷;通过仿真分析,验证了该系统能够满足智能电网信息系统的应用需求,并极大地保障了数据信息产生、传输、采集、存储、共享的各环节应用的全生命周期安全性。Blockchain technology has the technical characteristics of decentralization,openness,transparency and full traceability,which provides a new technical direction and means for solving data sharing and intelligent application.However,due to the performance of blockchain and other factors,the convenience and utilization rate of data sharing application are affected.Therefore,an application scheme of data sharing system based on blockchain technology was proposed.By analyzing the technical architecture of smart grid power consumption information collection system,cloud side collaboration was adopted to ensure the business application speed and system performance.Combined with the consensus mechanism of proof of work(POW)and proof of stake(POS),the difficulty coefficient of the block was flexibly adjusted to improve the writing speed of the block.Through the equity value,credit value and time reward,the user's bookkeeping right was determined,and the initiative of the master node to create the block was encouraged.Through the design of programmable smart contract,users can easily access data types.Through simulation analysis,the system can meet the application requirements of smart grid information system.At the same time,it greatly guarantees the security of the whole life cycle of data information generation,transmission,collection,storage and sharing applications.

关 键 词：区块链 数据管理 数据共享 共识机制 物联网 智能电网 

分 类 号：TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]