半蹲式跳伞着陆时最佳负重重心位置评估  

Evaluation of Optimal Gravity Center Position of Backpack in Half-Squat Parachuting Landing

作　　者：江天云[1] 田山[1] 陈天鸿 罗陈宇 樊星雨 姚杰[1] 王丽珍[1] JIANG Tianyun;TIAN Shan;CHEN Tianhong;LUO Chenyu;FAN Xingyu;YAO Jie;WANG Lizhen(Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering,School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100083,China;College of Bioengineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学生物力学与力生物学教育部重点实验室,北京市生物医学工程高精尖创新中心,生物与医学工程学院,北京100083 [2]重庆大学生物工程学院,重庆400044

出　　处：《医用生物力学》2021年第6期945-950,共6页Journal of Medical Biomechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金优青基金项目(11822201);高等学校学科创新引智计划(B13003)。

摘　　要：目的通过跳伞着陆模拟实验分析负重重心位置对下肢关节运动的影响,进行损伤评估。方法招募7名受试者进行负重跳伞着陆模拟实验,负重重心位置分别为背部下侧(位置1)、背部上侧(位置2)、腹部(位置3)。结果负重重心在位置2处的垂直地面反作用力峰值显著小于(P<0.05)负重重心在位置1处;负重重心在位置2处髋关节矢状面关节力矩显著大于负重重心在位置1、3处;负重重心在位置2处髋关节吸收能量显著大于负重重心在位置1处;负重重心在位置2处髋关节矢状面角位移显著大于负重重心在位置1处,显著小于负重重心在位置3处;负重重心在位置2处髋关节矢状面角速度显著小于负重重心在位置3处。结论不同的负重重心位置能够显著影响髋关节的动力学和运动学参数,负重重心在背部上侧处能够降低下肢损伤风险。研究结果可以为跳伞者背包负重重心位置评估、减少跳伞着陆损伤提供依据。Objective To study effects of backpack gravity center position on kinetics and kinematics of lower-extremity joints in parachuting landing and evaluate the injuries.Methods Seven participants performed parachuting landing with backpack gravity center on three positions:low-back(position 1),upper-back(position 2)and abdomen(position 3).Results The peak vertical ground reaction force(GRF)with backpack on position 2 was significantly lower than that on position 1.The joint moment on sagittal plane of the hip with backpack on position 2 was significantly higher than that on position 1 and position 3.The joint energy absorption of the hip with backpack on position 2 was significantly higher than that on position 1.The angular displacement of the hip on sagittal plane with backpack on position 2 was significantly higher than that on position 1 and was significantly lower than that on position 3.The angular velocity of the hip on sagittal plane with backpack on position 2 was significantly lower than that on position 3.Conclusions Different positions of backpack gravity center could significantly influence kinetic and kinematic parameters of the hip.Backpack gravity center on upper-back position could decrease the lower-extremity injuries.The results can provide evidences for evaluating backpack gravity center and decreasing injuries in parachuting landing.

关 键 词：负重重心位置 下肢 跳伞着陆 

分 类 号：R318.01[医药卫生—生物医学工程]