孙雄所辑《名贤生日诗》及其文化意义--以“翁同龢生日会”为例  

Mingxian Shengri Shi Compiled by Sun Xiong and Its Cultural Implication:A Case Study of the Birthday Anniversary of Weng Tonghe

作　　者：霍东晓 HUO Dongxiao(School of Humanities,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学人文学院,杭州310058

出　　处：《常熟理工学院学报》2022年第1期119-124,共6页Journal of Changshu Institute of Technology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“民国时期辞赋批评研究”(18BZW113)。

摘　　要：为郑玄、白居易、欧阳修、苏轼、黄庭坚、顾炎武、王士祯等已故名贤庆祝生日,是清代非常显著的文学文化现象,统称“先贤生日会”。祭拜对象的选择,往往反映出清人的诗风取向、经世思想或政治态度。因此,“先贤生日会”本质上是清人文学批评的特殊方式,其重要性不亚于“清人选唐诗”“清人选宋诗”“清人选清诗”等。清末民初的孙雄,不仅创办瓶社,开启寿翁(翁同龢)会,还有意识地收集“先贤生日会”相关作品,辑为《名贤生日诗》十卷,体现出其强烈的“诗史”意识。寿翁会是民国文人继承与延续清代宣南士风的特殊方式,亦是常熟文人群体实现文化传承的独特形式。Celebrating the birthday of ancient sages was a significant literary and cultural phenomenon among the Qing literati.During the celebration,they were usually collectively engaged in various activities and composed a considerable body of poetical works.Typical examples included“Shou Zheng(Zheng Xuan)Hui”,“Shou Bai(Bai Juyi)Hui”,“Shou Ou(Ouyang Xiu)Hui”,“Shou Su(Su Shi)Hui”,“Shou Huang(Huang Tingjian)Hui”,“Shou Gu(Gu Yanwu)Hui”and“Shou Wang(Wang Shizhen)Hui”.Choosing a particular individual to worship often reflected not just Qing literati’s taste in poetic styles but also their economic and political attitudes.Therefore,the birthday celebration should be interpreted as a special way of literary criticism in the Qing Dynasty,being of the same importance as“The Qing Literati’s Selection of Tang Poetry”,“The Qing Literati’s Selection of Song Poetry”,and“The Qing Literati’s Selection of Qing Poetry”.During the late Qing Dynasty and early Republican China,Sun Xiong founded the Ping Poetry Club to celebrate Weng Tonghe’s birthday.He also actively collected the works related to the birthday celebration of ancient sages and edited ten volumes of Mingxian Shengri Shi,indicating his clear consciousness of historicizing poetry.Shou Weng Hui thus became a special way for the literati of the Republic of China to continue Xuannan scholars’ethos.At the same time,it was also a unique form for the Changshu literati to exchange and share ideas.

关 键 词：《名贤生日诗》 孙雄 寿翁会 宣南文化 常熟文人 

分 类 号：I206[文学—中国文学]