大庆罐底油泥热解特性及污染物释放特性  

Pyrolysis characteristics and pollutant release characteristics of Daqing oil sludge

作　　者：郑发 李浩文 林法伟 张岩 吴越强 陈钊 马文臣 陈冠益 ZHENG Fa;LI Haowen;LIN Fawei;ZHANG Yan;WU Yueqiang;CHEN Zhao;MA Wenchen;CHEN Guanyi(School of Environmental Science and Technology,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China;Daqing Oilfield Water Co.,Ltd.,Daqing 163450,Heilongjiang,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Tianjin University of Commerce,Tianjin 300134,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300350 [2]大庆油田水务有限公司,黑龙江大庆163450 [3]天津商业大学机械工程学院,天津300134

出　　处：《化工进展》2022年第1期476-484,共9页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：大庆油田水务公司项目“2020GFW-0116含油污泥处理项目热化学反应机理研究技术外协”。

摘　　要：大庆罐底油泥属于高含油污泥,资源回收潜力大,同时具有黏度大、黏结性强、成分复杂、自然沉降慢等特性。本文对大庆油田高含油污泥的热解特性及污染物释放特性进行研究,分别测试了不同热解终温和升温速率下气/液/渣三相产品的品质和成分。结果表明,热解气中C_(2)H_(4)的释放量明显高于其余气体。CO_(2)气体仅在700℃处出现一个峰值,H_(2)在700℃之前释放量偏低,在700~800℃之间大量释放;热解终温和升温速率的增加会导致热解油低链烃类的大量生成,中链烃类呈现先增加后降低的趋势;热解终温会对固相产物中的SiO_(2)和CaCO_(3)产生一定的影响,而升温速率对固相产物几乎无影响。采用在线烟气分析仪测试了气相产物中的N、S、Cl小分子污染物的释放特性。HCN、NH_(3)在600℃时向NO_(x)转化;600℃以下绝大部分含氯化合物会发生释放;含硫污染物成双峰释放,600℃以上的峰主要源于硫酸盐的分解。Daqing tank bottom sludge is a kind of sludge with high oil content and great resource recovery potential.It also has the characteristics of high viscosity,strong adhesion,complex composition and slow natural settlement.In this study,the pyrolysis characteristics and pollutant release characteristics of high oil sludge in Daqing were investigated.The quality and composition of gas/liquid/slag three-phase products under different final pyrolysis temperature and heating rate were tested.The results showed that the amount of C_(2)H_(4) released from pyrolysis gas was significantly higher than that from other gases.CO_(2) gas only had a peak value at 700℃,and H_(2) was released before 700℃,and a large amount of H_(2) was released between 700℃ and 800℃;the increase of final pyrolysis temperature and heating rate will lead to a large number of low chain hydrocarbons,and medium chain hydrocarbons showed a trend of first increase and then decrease;final pyrolysis temperature would have a certain effect on SiO_(2) and CaCO3 in solid products,while heating rate has little effect on solid products influence.The release characteristics of N,S and Cl small molecule pollutants in gaseous products were measured by on-line flue gas analyzer.HCN and NH_(3) were the precursors of NO_(x) and convert to NO_(x) at 600℃;most of the chlorinated compounds would be released below 600℃;sulfur pollutants were released in two peaks,and the peaks above 600℃ were mainly due to the decomposition of sulfate.

关 键 词：高含油污泥 废物处理 热解 热力学 污染物释放 热解终温 升温速率 

分 类 号：TE992.3[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]