香水柠檬×白花柠檬群体子代表型及遗传变异分析  

Phenotypic and genetic variation of hybrid progenies of Xiangshui lemon × Baihua lemon

作　　者：葛聪聪 王亚娜 李鸾翔 张艺琴 袁小迈 黄桂香[1] GE Congcong;WANG Yana;LI Luanxiang;ZHANG Yiqin;YUAN Xiaomai;HUANG Guixiang(National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education/Agricultural College,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]植物科学国家级实验教学示范中心·广西大学农学院,南宁530004

出　　处：《果树学报》2022年第2期169-183,共15页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0201500);广西科技重大专项(桂科AA17204026,桂科AA18118046)。

摘　　要：【目的】利用简单重复序列标记(simple sequence repeats,SSR)和目标起始密码子多态性(start codon targeted polymorphism,SCoT)标记和表型性状分析探究香水柠檬×白花柠檬群体子代遗传多样性,为后续柠檬遗传连锁图谱构建、数量性状座位(quantitative trait locus,QTL)定位及遗传育种提供参考。【方法】对香水柠檬×白花柠檬群体子代的叶、花和果等15个表型性状进行观测描述,并结合SSR和SCoT标记,通过遗传多样性参数、相关性分析和非加权组平均法(unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means,UPGMA)聚类分析等方法进行遗传多样性分析。【结果】香水柠檬×白花柠檬群体子代表型性状遗传变异丰富,变异系数为9.76%~45.37%,其中单果质量变异系数最大;叶形指数、果形指数、单果质量等13个性状在杂种后代中符合数量性状遗传特点,各性状中均存在一定比例超亲个体;嫩叶色和花色性状分离广泛;叶、花和果实之间存在多对性状呈极显著或显著相关。20对SSR标记扩增出57个等位基因位点,多态性为100%;11个SCoT标记共检测到49个等位基因位点,多态性位点35个,占71.43%。基于SSR和SCoT标记得到的基因多样性指数均值分别为0.460 9和0.158 3,这2个标记在杂种群体间的Nei’s遗传距离均值分别为0.247 7和0.176 2;聚类结果显示,在遗传距离小于0.1时,2个标记均表现出较少杂种后代与亲本聚为一组,单株间变异丰富;Mantel检验显示,SSR和SCoT标记在杂种群体的遗传距离相关性不显著(r=0.302 1,p=1.000)。【结论】香水柠檬×白花柠檬群体子代表型性状分离广泛,杂种群体内存在一定的基因重组,遗传多样性丰富。【Objective】SSR and SCoT markers and phenotypic traits were analyzed to study the population genetic diversity of the hybrid offsprings of Xiangshui lemon × Baihua lemon. The genetic development of main traits such as leaves, flowers and fruits of lemon was preliminarily understood to provide reference for subsequent genetic linkage map construction, QTL mapping and germplasm innovation.【Methods】152 individuals of Xiangshui lemon, Baihua lemon and their F1 hybrids were used as test materials. The leaf length, leaf width, leaf shape index, leaflet color, flower color, longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter, fruit shape index, single fruit weight, pericarp thickness, soluble solids, total acid,solid-acid ratio, vitamin C and juice rate were observed and described of the stable flowering and fruiting hybrid individuals. The variance coefficient analysis, normality test and correlation analysis were conducted using software SPSS 18.0. The genetic transfer ability, heterosis rate, super high parent rate and low parent rate were calculated, and the frequency distribution histogram was ploted. Based on the SSR and SCoT markers, the genetic diversity parameters were calculated and UPGMA cluster analysis was performed by POPGENE software and MEGA software.【Results】The genetic variation of the phenotypic traits was abundant, and the coefficients of variation was 9.76%-45.37%. The coefficient of variation of single fruit weight was the largest, and that of soluble solids was the smallest. The genetic transfer ability(Ta) ranged from 34.27% to 152.27%. The total acid had the highest genetic transfer ability and the soluble solid substance and acid ratio had the lowest genetic transfer ability. The heterosis rate(H) ranged from-65.73% to 52.27%. The leaf length, leaf shape index, fruit shape index, pericarp thickness and total acidity showed positive heterosis, while the leaf width, longitudinal diameter, transverse diameter, single fruit weight, soluble solids, soluble solid substance and acid ratio, vitamin C

关 键 词：柠檬 杂种群体 SSR SCoT 表型性状 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S666.5[农业科学—果树学]