柑橘轮斑病抗性鉴定方法的建立  

Establishment of an identification method of citrus resistance to target spot

作　　者：陈泉 徐永红 何锦辉 杨宇衡[2] CHEN Quan;XU Yonghong;HE Jinhui;YANG Yuheng(Chongqing Three Gorges Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wanzhou 400401,Chongqing,China;College of Plant Protection,Southwest University,Beibei 400715,Chongqing,China;Plant Protection and Fruit Tree Technology Popularization Station in Wanzhou District of Chongqing City,Wanzhou 404155,Chongqing,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆三峡农业科学院,重庆万州404155 [2]西南大学植物保护学院,重庆北碚400715 [3]重庆万州植物保护与果树技术推广站,重庆万州404020

出　　处：《果树学报》2022年第2期295-301,共7页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJ202101254125241);柑橘轮斑病发生流行规律研究与综合防控技术攻关项目(F2020282);重庆市万州区科技计划项目(wzstc-20210211)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究柑橘轮斑病最适宜接种条件,建立一种快速鉴定柑橘轮斑病抗性的方法。【方法】以柑橘轮斑病菌为接种体,运用离体叶片接种法,在室内不同温度下对离体柠檬叶片的不同部位进行接种,探讨柑橘轮斑病的最适宜接种条件。随后采用前期确立的接种体系对27个主栽柑橘品种进行轮斑病抗性评价。【结果】针刺接种易发病,最适宜的接种温度为10℃,最适宜接种部位为叶片背部。27个柑橘品种中沙田柚为免疫品种,091无核沃柑最易感病。【结论】研究建立了叶片背面针刺、10℃条件下保湿培养28 d的抗性鉴定体系。并利用此技术体系鉴定出柚类抗病力最强,杂柑类相对最感病,而橙类、柑类与橘类抗性处于柚类与杂柑类中间。【Objective】Citrus target spot is becoming increasingly severe in China, damaging the young leaves, shoots and fruit in more and more citrus varieties. This study was carried out in order to explore the most suitable inoculation conditions for establishing a rapid, simple and reliable method to identify resistance to the disease.【Methods】In vitro leaf inoculation method was used to inoculate the pathogen to leaves under 5, 10, 15, or 20 ℃ in a moisture box and the diameters of the speckles were recorded at different time after inoculation. Then, 27 different citrus varieties were inoculated with a typical strains Pc-W ZBY1 and kept in a humidified box using the established inoculation method and the severity of the symptom was recorded. The resistance was evaluated based on the average diameter of the speckle.【Results】At 5, 10, 15, and 20 ℃ with a humidity of 90%, no lesions were found on adaxial or abaxial leaf surface without artificial wound, while lesions occurred in all inoculated leaves with wounds. The wounded leaves were more likely to be infected by Ps. citricarpa at different tested temperatures, and the most suitable inoculation site was the abaxial side of leaves. At 28 days after inoculation in all temperatures, the lesion hardly expanded and the size of the lesions differed significantly among treatments. Therefore, 28 days after inoculation was the best time for identification of disease resistance. Lesions developed much faster on the abaxial side than the adaxial side of the leaves. Different temperatures affected the disease development greatly. At 10 ℃, the diameter of lesion spots was the largest,significantly larger(p < 0.05) than under the other temperatures. Therefore, 10 ℃ was the optimal for inoculation and incubation for resistance identification in laboratory. Evaluation of resistance to Ps. citricarpa among the citrus varieties showed that most varieties were susceptible. Pc-WZBY1 strain showed different pathogenicity in different cultivars with significant differenc

关 键 词：柑橘轮斑病 柑橘轮斑病菌 接种方法 抗性评价 

分 类 号：S666[农业科学—果树学] S436.661[农业科学—园艺学]