柑橘新品种华丰甜橘的选育  

Breeding report of a new Citrus cultivar Huafengtianju mandarin

作　　者：闫化学[1] 周碧容[1] YAN Huaxue;ZHOU Birong(Institute of Fruit Tree Research,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research,Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院果树研究所·农业农村部南亚热带果树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室·广东省热带亚热带果树研究重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《果树学报》2022年第2期311-314,共4页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2018B020202009);国家自然科学基金项目(32072535);广州市科技计划项目(202102080403);科技创新战略专项资金(高水平农科院建设,R2019PY-QY004)。

摘　　要：华丰甜橘(Citrus reticulata Blanco ‘Huafengtianju’)是从贡柑、椪柑、甜橙和沙糖橘混种果园中收集的沙糖橘果实种子,后经实生选种获得的新品种。该品种树势强健,枝条萌芽率和成枝力均强于对照沙糖橘,易成花坐果。果实为扁球形,果个比对照大,平均单果质量70.4 g,约是对照的1.4倍;果皮厚度约为2.0 mm,易剥皮,完熟果实的果面为橙黄色、平滑、有光泽。果瓣易分离,果肉橙色,化渣,无籽,风味清甜有芳香味,可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)为10.4%~11.0%,总糖含量为7.9%~8.1%,可滴定酸含量为0.25%~0.29%,维生素C含量(ρ)为14.3~15.7 mg·100 mL^(-1)。果实成熟期为12月中旬到翌年1月上旬,与对照基本相同。盛果期的产量可达53 100 kg·hm^(-2),比对照增产约15%。SSR分子标记遗传鉴定结果显示,华丰甜橘与对照沙糖橘在基因组水平上存在明显差异,是一个遗传稳定的柑橘新品种。Huafengtianju(Citrus reticulata Blanco) is a new seedless mandarin cultivar selected from seedlings of Shatangju(Citrus reticulata Blanco, female parent). The seeds were collected from Shatangju trees planted in Gonggan, Ponkan, and sweet orange, located at Shuitou town, Fogang county,Guangdong province, in 2004. The seeds were germinated in sterilized nursery soils, and the seedlings were transferred to an orchard. Seeding No.J1153 is significantly different from female parent, was found from the candidate population in 2011. This candidate cultivar was registered in 2017 after several years’ selection and DUS testing. The new cultivar is vigorous, upright shape. The branches are stronger and longer than female parent. No thorns on spring shoots. The sprouting ability of buds is better,and the intensity of flowering is greater compared with randomly selected branches in spring. Leaves of Huafengtianju are significantly wider than control with typically dark-green color and a nearly oval shape, about 7.6 cm long and 4.5 cm wide. The petiole length is about 1.1 cm, with two linear winged leaves attached. Flowers of the new cultivar are similar to control in size, white and solitary. Each complete flower composes of 5 sepals. Five petals and an ovary are surrounded by 16-20 stamens. The shape of stigma and ovary is nearly circular and oblate, respectively. The color of calyx is light green.The height of stamen is equal to that of the pistil or slightly higher than the pistil when full extension.The fruits of Huafengtianju are larger than female parent. The average weight of a medium-sized fruit is 70.4 grams. The shape of fruit is oblate with an average 0.80 fruit shape index. The thickness of pericarp is about 0.20 cm, and 75% of the pericarp is the flavedo(coloured peripheral surface) and 25% is the albedo(white soft middle layer). The fruit is seedless, with about 1 seed per fruiton average when single variety cultivation or mixed with Shatangju. The color of fruit is orange with a smooth surface,and easy to p

关 键 词：柑橘 新品种 华丰甜橘 实生选种 

分 类 号：S666[农业科学—果树学]