大型卧式数控电解加工机床导电轴的分析及试验  

Analysis and Test of Conductive Shaft of Large Horizontal NC ECM Machine Tool

作　　者：唐霖[1] 郑雅泽 张利峰 李欧 TANG Lin;ZHENG Yaze;ZHANG Lifeng;LI Ou(School of Mechatronic Engineering,Xi’an Technological University,Xi’an 710021,China;Norinco Group Inner Mongolia North Heavy Industries Group Co.,Ltd.,Baotou 014030,China)

机构地区：[1]西安工业大学机电工程学院,西安710021 [2]中国兵器内蒙古北方重工业集团有限公司,包头014030

出　　处：《西安工业大学学报》2021年第6期635-643,共9页Journal of Xi’an Technological University

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目(2020GY-153);陕西高校青年创新团队项目资助(20201020);陕西省教育厅服务地方专项计划项目(17JF010);陕西省教育厅青年创新团队建设科研计划项目(21JP054)。

摘　　要：为解决大长径比异形深孔电解加工中导电轴发热严重、易烧蚀的问题,采用ANSYS软件对导电轴单侧铜排和对称铜排两种引电方式进行对比分析,确定了以对称铜排引电为基础的导电轴结构。通过建立导电轴热电耦合模型,分析不同工况下导电轴温度场、热变形的分布规律。通过大长径比异形内螺旋深孔零件加工试验,结果表明:在工作电流为15000 A,进给速度为5 mm·min^(-1),连续加工14 h的条件下,工件成形精度达±0.15 mm,表面粗糙度优于Ra0.8μm,导电轴性能稳定且满足实际加工要求。采用上表面和侧面同时提供气流的方式可优化导电轴散热性能。In order to solve the problems of serious heating and easy ablation of conductive shaft in electrochemical machining of special-shaped deep hole with large aspect ratio,the two schemes of single side copper bar and symmetrical copper bar of conductive shaft were studied by ANSYS software.And the conductive shaft scheme based on symmetrical copper bar scheme was determined.The thermoelectric coupling model of the conductive shaft was established to analyze the distribution law of temperature field and thermal deformation of conductive shaft under different working conditions.Through the machining test of special-shaped inner spiral deep hole parts with large aspect ratio,the results show that under the conditions of working current of 15000 A,feed rate of 5 mm·min^(-1) and continuous machining for 14 h,the forming accuracy of the workpiece is±0.15 mm and the surface roughness is better than Ra0.8μm.The performance of the conductive shaft is stable and meets the actual processing requirements.The heat dissipation performance of the conductive shaft can be optimized by providing air flow on the upper surface and side at the same time.

关 键 词：电解加工机床 导电轴 热电耦合模型 温度场 

分 类 号：TG662[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]