聚氯乙烯中空纤维超滤膜制备过程环境影响分析  

Environmental Impact Assessment of the Manufacturing Process of Polyvinyl Chloride Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration Membrane

作　　者：高翔宇 何艳丽 GAO Xiangyu;HE Yanli(Zhejiang RenXin Environmental Research Institute Co.,Ltd.Ningbo,315012,China;School of Ecology and Environment,Hainan University,Haikou,570228,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江仁欣环科院有限责任公司,浙江宁波315012 [2]海南大学生态与环境学院,海口570228

出　　处：《环境影响评价》2022年第1期77-84,共8页Environmental Impact Assessment

摘　　要：生命周期评价(LCA)分析方法已比较普遍地用在膜过程的环境影响分析上,但仍未用于聚氯乙烯(PVC)中空纤维膜制备环节的定量环境影响分析。采用损害计算环境影响评价法(LIME),对PVC中空纤维超滤膜制备的环境影响进行分析。通过对各工序进行清单分析,特征化,规格化和被害影响评价,比较了膜制备工序的污染物排放情况和环境影响。研究发现,评价范围内对大气环境的影响远大于对水环境的影响。搅拌工序对环境的影响最大,它排放的温室气体也是所有工序中最大的,为201.11kgCO2eq。为了降低制膜环节的环境影响,首先考虑降低搅拌工序的能耗和加强NMVOC的收集和处理。考察各工序对人体健康和社会资产的间接环境影响。研究发现,搅拌工序对两者的影响均最大。设定情景,考察反渗透工序(RO)工序对评价整体的影响。研究发现,RO对人体健康和社会资产的影响不大,对社会资产的影响比无RO工序小。Life cycle assessment(LCA)has been widely applied in analysing membrane included configuration.However,environmental impacts of PVC hollow fiber membrane manufacturing have not been researched.In this paper,environmental impacts of polyvinyl chloride(PVC)hollow fiber membrane fabrication had been researched by life cycle assessment method based on endpoint modeling(LIME).Each process of fabrication had been analysed by characterization,normalization and impact evaluation.It was found environmental burden to atmosphere was much bigger than to the water.Spin process was the hotspot within the fabrication,which accounted for the biggest global warming potential(201.11 kgCO_(2) eq).In order to reduce environmental impacts,NMVOC treatment of spinning process should be taken into consideration.Additionally,spinning exerted the significant indirect impact on human health and social welfare.Two scenarios with and without Reverse osmosis(RO)process had been set,in order to analyse environmental impact of RO process.RO process made slight impact to the human health and social welfare.Furthermore,RO process alleviated eutrophication compared with the process without RO.RO might be one of good choices for treating membrane fabrication wastewater from the environmental impact viewpoint.

关 键 词：聚氯乙烯中空纤维超滤膜 制备 反渗透 生命周期环境影响评价 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]