热处理对民族木结构建筑用材色差及耐腐性能的影响  

Influences of Heat Treatment on the Color Difference and Decay Resistance of Ethnic Wood Structure Building Materials

作　　者：梁哨 覃斌[1] 岑晓倩[1] 李权[1] 林辉 LIANG Shao;QIN Bin;CHEN Xiao-qian;LI Quan;LIN Hui(Kaili University,Kaili 556011,Guizhou,China;College of Chemistry and Materials,Ningde Normal University,Ningde 352100, Fujian,China;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Featured Materials in Biochemical Industry,Ningde 352100,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]凯里学院,贵州凯里556011 [2]宁德师范学院化学与材料学院,福建宁德352100 [3]福建省特色生物化工材料重点实验室,福建宁德352100

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2022年第1期235-239,共5页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：黔东南州科技计划项目(黔东南科合J字〔2020〕043号);贵州省教育厅青年科技人才成长项目(黔教合KY字[2018]365);宁德师范学院服务地方行动专项计划项目(2018ZX406);宁德师范学院重大科研项目培育计划项目(2017ZDK11)。

摘　　要：以黔东南州民族木结构建筑常用的木材马尾松、杉木和枫香为研究对象,分析了在180、200、220、240℃热处理温度和2 h热处理时间条件下试样表面颜色及耐腐性能差异。结果表明,马尾松、杉木和枫香试样的明度L*随热处理温度的增大而逐渐降低,各温度梯度之间的明度L*差异均表现为显著。180~240℃,3种试样的红绿轴色品指数a*和黄蓝轴色品指数b*基本表现为先增大后减小。总色差ΔE反映出热处理对马尾松颜色变化的影响最大。彩绒革盖菌和变色栓菌对枫香的降解要强于2种针叶材马尾松和杉木,而绵腐卧孔菌和密粘褶菌则正好相反。热处理温度越高,各试样耐腐效果越好,当温度达到240℃时,3种树种试样在4种木材腐朽菌腐朽试验后均能达到Ⅰ级强耐腐水平。扫描电镜进一步证实了240℃热处理后的马尾松相比素样在被绵腐卧孔菌侵染后,其菌丝分布较少,结构保持完整,耐腐效果好。Woods of Pinus massoniana,Cunninghamia lanceolata and Liquidambar formosana,which are commonly used in ethnic wood structure buildings in Qiandongnan Prefecture,were selected as the research objects.Differences in surface color and decay resistance of the samples that were subjected to 2 h heat treatment with the temperatures of 180,200,220,and 240℃were tested.The results showed that the values of lightness L*of the three woods tested gradually decreased with temperature,and the lightness L*difference between temperature gradients were all significant.From 180℃to 240℃,the red-green axis chromaticity index a*and yellow-blue axis chromaticity index b*of the three woods basically increased first and then decreased.The total color differenceΔE demonstrated that the heat treatment had the greatest effect on the color changes of P.massoniana.Coriolus versicolor and Trametes versicolor had stronger degradation effects on L.formosana wood than P.massoniana and C.lanceolata.While the degradation effects of Poria vaporaria and Gloeophyllum trabeum were opposite.The higher the heat treatment temperature,the better the rotten resistance of the samples.When the temperature reached 240℃,the samples of the three woods reached the classⅠrotten resistance after tested by four fungi.SEM further confirmed that the wood of P.massoniana treated by 240℃had less hypha distribution,maintained intact structure,and had the best rotten resistance performance after being infected by P.vaporaria.

关 键 词：马尾松 杉木 木材腐朽菌 色度学 耐腐 

分 类 号：S781.3[农业科学—木材科学与技术]